基于混合树的层级区块链溯源设计与实现

Hybrid tree based layered blockchain tracing design and implementation

区块链可以广泛用于商品的溯源与实物信息的可信记录。目前的区块链系统能够支持的物品逻辑关系比较简单,通常只对某一个单品做追溯。如果在流通的过程中,需要将商品组合成批次,批次的信息只能通过中心化的数据库记录。本文提出了一种基于混合树的区块链层级化溯源的设计与实现。根据多个溯源单品或批次的基本数据,构建树状结构;当一个或多个溯源单品或批次组合成一个新的批次时,对组合后的批次信息构建标识ID以及与原有树状结构的关联信息,将批次信息与其他商品节点信息构建一个新的Merkel树,并将所述新的树状结构的根哈希记录到区块链。这样,通过区块链同时记录单品与批次的溯源信息,实现对层级隶属关系的去中心化确认和追溯,从而能够同时对某个单品和隶属的批次进行灵活全方面的信息追溯。

Blockchain can be widely used for traceability of commodities and credible records of mechandise information.The logical relationship among these machandise items supported by the current blockchain system is relatively simple,and usually only individual item is traced at a time.If mechandise items need to be combined into batches during the circulation process,batch information can only be recorded through a centralized database.This paper proposes a design and implementation of the hierarchical tracing technique with blockchain based on hybrid tree.With the basic data of multiple combined items or batches,multiple tree structures are constructed.When one or more traceable items or batches are combined into a new batch,the combined batch information identified by ID is associated with the existing tree structures.Afterwards,a new Merkel tree is constructed by batch information together other mechandise item node information,and the root hash of the new tree structure is anchored in the blockchain.In this way,by recording the traceability information of single product and batches at the same time through layered blockchain,this system provides decentralized confirmation and traceability of the hierarchical relationship among machandise items,such that it can flexibly carry out all aspects of information on single product and related batch info at the same time.