士大夫情怀下的人道主义书写——论汪曾祺的小说创作

Humanitarian Writing with the Feelings of Scholar-Officials:On Wang Zengqi′s Novel Creation

汪曾祺小说充满着对人的关怀、尊重与欣赏,呈现出浓厚的人道主义精神。对士大夫人格的继承,使其在创作上融合了中国传统价值取向与自身气质上的异质因素,成为“中国式的抒情的人道主义者”。士大夫情怀深刻影响了汪曾祺的人道主义书写方式,他以雅趣表达底层关怀,以美德构建人道理想,以温情进行现实批判,以闲笔滋润世俗心灵,流露出对社会的责任意识以及对生命品质的思考。基于汪曾祺兼收并蓄的思想特质,从接受人道主义、在士大夫情怀影响下形成中国式的人道主义思想、小说特色书写三个层面,探讨汪曾祺中国式的人道主义小说创作。

Wang Zengqi′s novels are full of concern,respect and appreciation for people,showing a strong humanitarian spirit.Inheriting the personality of a scholar-official,he became a"Chinese-style lyrical humanist"by combining the traditional value orientation with the heterogeneous factors in his own temperament.Scholar-official′s feelings deeply influenced Wang Zengqi′s humanitarian writing style.He expressed the concern for the underclass with elegance,constructed the humane ideal with virtue,criticized the reality with gentleness,moistened the secular soul with idle writing,and showed his sense of social responsibility and thought about the quality of life.Based on Wang Zengqi′s eclectic ideological characteristics,this paper discusses Wang Zengqi′s Chinese-style humanitarian novels from three aspects:accepting humanitarianism,forming Chinese-style humanitarian thoughts under the influence of scholar-officials and writing novel characteristics.