从“黑夜漫游”到流亡“另一座城堡”——论塞利纳自传性书写的伦理困境

From"Journey to the End of the Night"to"Another Castle":On Ethical Dilemmas of Louis-Ferdinand Céline’s Autobiographical Writing

20世纪法国重要作家路易-费迪南·塞利纳的所有小说作品,无一例外都带有明显的自传性书写特征,作家通过对自身经历的连续性书写,得以记录与回溯自己在两次世界大战这一复杂的历史伦理环境中所面对的自我身份的分裂与重构,以及在伦理身份不断变换的冲突、迷茫与混乱中逐渐陷入的艰难且充满悖论的伦理选择困境。值得注意的是,塞利纳挣扎于伦理困境中的自传性写作并不能只用简单的道德判断对其定性,他的书写产生了多层面的丰富效果,共同构成了一个特殊、新颖、完整,虽令人不安,但却充满魅力与令人着迷的美学世界。

Almost all novels of Louis-Ferdinand Céline,an important writer of France in the 20^(th) century,are featured by autobiographical writings.By continuously writing his own experiences,the author recorded and recalled the splitting and reconstruction of self-identity under the complex historical and ethical environments during two world wars as well as the difficult and paradoxical dilemma of ethical choices he fell into during the constantly changing conflicts,confusion and disorder of ethical identities.It is worth noting that we should not determine natures of autobiographical writings of Céline on ethical dilemmas only on the basis of simple moral judgment because his writings generate richer effects of multiple dimensions and constitute a special,new and complete aesthetic world.