不同脐带结扎方式对早产儿的影响

Influence of Different Umbilical Cord Ligation Methods on Premature Infants

目的探讨延迟脐带结扎和脐带挤压结扎对早产儿临床结局的影响。方法选取2018年8月~2019年12月在河池市人民医院和深圳市第二人民医院顺产出生的早产儿198例作为研究对象,根据脐带结扎方式分为延迟脐带结扎组(96例)和脐带挤压结扎组(102例)。比较两组早产儿出生后2 h及1周血红蛋白(Hb)水平、红细胞压积(Hct)、红细胞计数(RBC)、病理性黄疸、红细胞增多症、颅内出血及输血发生情况。结果脐带挤压结扎组出生后2 h及1周Hb水平、Hct及RBC高于延迟脐带结扎组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组颅内出血(13.54%vs 11.76%)、病理性黄疸(45.83%vs 44.12%)、红细胞增多症(6.25%vs 4.90%)、贫血(31.25%vs 31.37%)及输血治疗(13.54%vs 13.73%)发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论脐带挤压结扎与延迟脐带结扎对早产儿的Hb水平、Hct及RBC无明影响,且新生儿在颅内出血、黄疸、红细胞增多症、贫血及输血需求方面较为相似。因此,临床上可将脐带挤压结扎作为延迟脐带结扎的替代方法。

Objective To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord ligation and umbilical cord compression ligation on the clinical outcome of preterm infants.Methods A total of 198 premature infants born in Hechi City People's Hospital and Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from August 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects.According to the umbilical cord ligation method,they were divided into delayed umbilical cord ligation group(96 cases)and umbilical cord compression ligation group(102 cases).The levels of hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(Hct),red blood cell count(RBC),pathological jaundice,polycythemia,intracranial hemorrhage and blood transfusion were compared between the two groups of preterm infants at 2 h and 1 week after birth.Results The Hb level,Hct and RBC in the umbilical cord squeeze ligation group were higher than those in the delayed umbilical cord ligation group at 2 h and 1 week after birth,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);Intracranial hemorrhage(13.54%vs 11.76%),pathological jaundice(45.83%vs 44.12%),polycythemia(6.25%vs 4.90%),anemia(31.25%vs 31.37%)and blood transfusion therapy(13.54%vs 13.73%)comparison of incidence,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Umbilical cord compression ligation and delayed umbilical cord ligation affect the Hb level,Hct and RBC ignorance of premature infants,and neonates have similar effects on intracranial hemorrhage,jaundice,polycythemia,anemia,and blood transfusion requirements.Therefore,umbilical cord compression ligation can be used clinically as an alternative method to delay umbilical cord ligation.