21世纪以来长三角地区人口-土地城镇化协调度评价

Collaborative Development Between Population Urbanization and Land Urbanization in the Yangtze River Delta

改革开放以来城市化以政府驱动的大规模城镇土地开发为显著特征,新型城镇化强调土地城镇化与人口城镇化的协调发展。通过构建人口与土地城镇化综合指数及协调度评价方法,分析了2000—2015年期间长三角发展最快至转型时期的城市化协调特征,分析表明:长三角地区土地城镇化水平整体低于人口城镇化但增长率更高,2008年后两者进入高协调耦合阶段,但不同城市不同阶段耦合协调度有所差异,高等级城市土地城镇化快速但总体与人口城镇化协调,而中低等级城市过度土地城镇化突出;良好的经济基础、就业环境及投资环境形成了较高的人口城镇化水平,而政府驱动开发政策刺激和经济增长需求旺盛导致土地城镇化增长高于人口城镇化增长;针对中心-边缘发展空间失衡及可持续问题,提出未来强化大城市辐射引领、调控中小城市协调发展、城镇化质量提升和生态环境共建共治作为美丽长三角建设重点。

We build a comprehensive index of population urbanization and land urbanization and with the method of coupled collaborative development,to study changing characteristics of urban collaborative development in the fastest development and the transition period of the Yangtze River Delta.Its level of land urbanization is lower than that of population urbanization,but its growth speed is faster at population urbanization side.Both urbanizations entered high collaborative coupling stage after 2008,and cities in the delta present the value of C in different stages with coupling collaborative D value.The difference between the characteristics of the curves C is that the population urbanization is based on the high level of urban,the land urbanization is rapid with a higher collaborative degree.The low level of urban has an obviously excessive land urbanization.The high level of population urbanization is due to the good foundation for economic,employment environment and investment environment.The land urbanization faster than the population urbanization resulted from both the internal demand of the growth and the policy supply of the government-driven land development.Responses to the imbalance in the spatial structure of the core-periphery development included large cities'leading and radiation role in their periphery development,medium-sized cities'role in regulating their unbalanced structure,and the promoting development of the small cities and towns.Reponses to the sustainable development problems included improving the quality of new urbanization with the population of the migrant workers and the landless peasants,and focusing on planning guidance and multi planning integration to regard ecological co-construction and environmental co-governance as the mode for the Beautiful Yangtze River Delta Construction.