车用燃料电池热管理性能仿真与试验研究

Simulation and Experimental Study on Thermal Management System of Vehicle Fuel Cell

热管理是影响燃料电池性能与寿命的重要因素之一,其中燃料电池热管理系统设计与建模是研究的难点。首先用理论推导方法建立燃料电池的热模型,并通过台架试验验证该模型的准确性。其次建立整车燃料电池热管理系统一维仿真模型,对影响电堆出水温度的风速和风温两个因素进行灵敏度分析。最后通过仿真计算,分析3种典型工况下电堆的出水温度,并开展整车环模试验进行验证。结果表明,所建立的燃料电池热管理系统模型可以准确分析电堆在不同工况下的出水温度,为整车开发过程中燃料电池热管理性能的分析与优化提供参考,对提高燃料电池汽车热管理水平具有实际的工程意义。

Thermal management is an important influencing factor of the performance and life of vehicle fuel cell.Designing and modeling of fuel cell thermal management system is the key of thermal management research.Firstly,the thermal model of fuel cell is established by theoretical derivation method,and the accuracy of the model is verified by bench test.Secondly,the one-dimensional simulation model of vehicle fuel cell thermal management system is established to analyze the sensitivity of wind speed and wind temperature affecting the effluent temperature of the stack.Finally,through simulation calculation,the outlet water temperature of the stack under three typical working conditions is analyzed,which is verified by the vehicle ring model test.The results show that the proposed model of fuel cell thermal management system can accurately analyze the outlet water temperature of stack under different working conditions,which provides a reference for the analysis and optimization of fuel cell thermal management performance in vehicle development process,and has practical engineering significance for improving the thermal management level of fuel cell vehicles.