认知社会语言学视域下“御宅族”的本土化研究

A Study on the Localization of“Otaku”from the Perspective of Cognitive Sociolinguistics

日源外来词一直是汉语外来词研究的热点问题。本文从认知社会语言学视角出发,以人民网和BCC语料库为研究工具,探讨日源外来词“御宅族”的本土化过程。该研究表明:日源外来词“御宅族”经历了“中国内陆-日本-中国港台-中国内陆”这一发展过程,是汉语文化的倒灌现象;“御宅族”使用频率下降,而由其演化出的“宅男”“宅女”“宅人”等双音构式被广泛使用,从认知角度来看,主要归结于汉语中双音构式具有绝对先用权;当代社会“宅文化”的流行是“宅”族词能成功融入汉语的重要原因。

The foreign words from Japan have always been a hot topic in the study of Chinese foreign words. From the perspective of Cognitive Sociolinguistics, this study uses the People’s Daily Net and BCC Corpus as the research tools to explore the localization process of Japanese loanwords "Yuzhaizu". The result shows that the Japanese loanword "otaku" has experienced the development process of "Inland China-Japan-Chinese Hong Kong and Taiwan-Inland China", which is a backward phenomenon of Chinese culture;the usage frequency of "otaku" has declined, while the evolved "Zhainan", "Zhainǚ" and "Zhairen"dual-tone constructions are widely used. From the perspective of cognition, the main reason is that the dualtone construction has absolute preemptive rights in Chinese;the popularity of otaku culture in contemporary society is an important reason why the "Zhai" group words can be successfully integrated into Chinese.