肝胆术后胃肠功能恢复策略的研究进展

Research Progress in Recovery Strategy of Gastrointestinal Function after Hepatobiliary Surgery

胃肠功能障碍是常见的肝胆术后并发症,尤其是恶性肝胆肿瘤患者接受手术后发生胃肠功能障碍的风险更高,严重影响患者预后。因此,安全有效地恢复胃肠功能不仅可缩短住院时间,还可提高患者的生活质量。术后胃肠道功能障碍的发病机制包括应激反应、高分解状态、免疫抑制等因素,应适度干预。目前,临床常见的治疗方法包括围手术期快速康复外科理念、中医药疗法、营养支持治疗以及嚼口香糖等。但由于肝胆术后胃肠道功能障碍的具体机制尚未明确,临床防治措施也有待改善,因此相关研究需深入探讨。

Gastrointestinal dysfunction is a common complication after hepatobiliary surgery,especially that the patients with malignant hepatobiliary tumors have a higher risk of gastrointestinal dysfunction after surgery,which seriously affects the prognosis.Therefore,safe and effective restoration of gastrointestinal function can not only shorten the length of hospitalization,but also improve the quality of life of the patients.The pathogenesis of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction includes many complex factors such as stress response,hyperdecomposing state,and immunosuppression,and appropriate intervention should be given.At present,common clinical treatment strategies include the concept of perioperative rapid rehabilitation surgery,traditional Chinese medicine therapy,nutritional support treatment,and chewing gum.As the specific mechanism of gastrointestinal dysfunction after hepatobiliary surgery is not yet clear,and the clinical prevention and treatment measures need to be improved,relevant research needs further exploration.