超声在胎儿肝胆疾病诊断中的应用进展

Application Progress of Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Fetal Hepatobiliary Diseases

出生缺陷是胎儿围生期死亡的重要影响因素,肝胆疾病是出生缺陷中较为少见的一种,虽然多为良性病变,但仍可能对患儿的正常发育造成负面影响,增加患儿家庭经济压力,因此需要尽早进行诊断和干预。超声具有安全性高、价廉、可反复检测等优势。超声能帮助医师观察胎儿的肝脏形态、大小、肝内血流、胆囊形态,分析胎儿是否出现宫内感染、循环障碍、代谢障碍性疾病、贫血和异常造血,从而制订相应的治疗措施。近年来,随着超声仪器分辨率的不断提高,超声检测的准确性也在不断提高,未来随着超声检测的进一步发展以及与多种检测方式的联合运用将在胎儿肝脏病情判断、治疗方面发挥重要作用。

Birth defect is an important influencing factor of perinatal death of fetus.Hepatobiliary disease is a rare kind of birth defect.Although most of them are benign lesions,it may still have a negative impact on the normal development of the children and increase the economic pressure on the family,therefore,early diagnosis and intervention are needed.Ultrasound has the advantages of high safety,low price and repeatable detection.Ultrasound can help the clinicians to observe the fetal liver shape and size,intrahepatic blood flow and gallbladder shape to analyze whether the fetus has intrauterine infection,circulatory disorders,metabolic disorders,anemia and abnormal hematopoiesis,so as to formulate the corresponding treatment measures.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of the resolution of ultrasound instruments,the accuracy of ultrasound detection has also been improving.In the future,with the further development of ultrasound detection and the combined use of a variety of detection methods,ultrasound will still play an important role in the judgment and treatment of fetal liver diseases.