十堰市农村居民营养和健康状况调查分析研究

Investigation and analysis of the nutrition and health status of rural residents in Shiyan City

目的了解十堰市农村居民营养健康现状,探讨其与地方疾病谱之间的关系,为建立十堰市农村居民营养健康档案提供参考。方法2017年7-8月,采用随机抽样方法抽取十堰市农村居民1000人进行问卷调查并进行体检和实验室检查。结果共发放问卷1000份,回收问卷924份,其中回收有效问卷878份,有效回收率95.0%;体检人数797人,有效回收率100%。十堰市农村居民以老年贫困人口为主要特征,女性生活习惯好于男性,各微量营养素摄入量人群分布不平衡,VA、VB1、VB2、VC、VE和钙的缺乏仍然存在,碳水化合物摄入偏高。十堰市农村居民人群中血脂异常患病率和高血压患病率都很高,分别为47.9%、46.6%,女性高于男性。重度肥胖患者占2.4%,无糖尿病患者。成人高血压患病率46.7%,其中男17.9%,女28.7%,患病率随年龄增加而增加。结论十堰市农村居民膳食结构比较单一、主食摄入量较高、部分微量营养素摄入不足,高血压、高血脂等慢性病患病率较高。

Objective To understand the current status of nutrition and health of rural residents in Shiyan City,and to explore the relationship between it and the spectrum of local diseases,so as to provide references for establishing the nutrition and health files of rural residents in Shiyan City.Methods A random sampling method was used to sample 1000 rural residents in Shiyan City for questionnaire survey and physical examination and laboratory examination from July to August 2017.Results A total of 1000 questionnaires were distributed and 924 questionnaires were returned,of which 878 were valid questionnaires,with an effective recovery rate of 95.0%;the number of people undergoing physical examination was 797 cases,with an effective recovery rate of 100%.Rural residents in Shiyan City were mainly characterized by the elderly poor population,women have better living habits than men,the population distribution of micronutrient intake was inbalanced,VA,VB1,VB2,VC,VE and calcium deficiency still existed,and carbohydrate intake was high.The prevalence of dyslipidemia(47.9%)and hypertension(46.6%)among rural residents in Shiyan City were both high,respectively,women were higher than men.The tate of severely obese patients accounted for 2.4%,but there was no diabetes patients was found.The prevalence of hypertension in adults was 46.7%,of which17.9%were males and 28.7%were females,the prevalence increased with age.Conclusion The dietary structure of rural residents in Shiyan City is relatively simple,the intake of staple food is relatively high,some micronutrient intake is insufficient,and the prevalence of chronic diseases such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia is relatively high.