DSG5型降水天气现象仪观测数据分析与应用

Analysis and Application of Data Observed By DSG5Precipitation Weather Phenomenon Instrument

目前DSG5型降水天气现象仪已在国内台站大量列装,观测记录了许多宝贵的资料。本文通过一次降水天气过程,分析了DSG5型降水天气现象仪的数据结构、内容及其在业务中的应用。发现:DSG5型降水天气现象仪记录的降水天气现象与人工观测基本一致,但记录的降水开始时间比实际滞后,结束时间比实际提前,一些微弱降水没有记录;利用观测的雨滴谱数据可以揭示降水过程的细微结构和演变特征,加深对降水过程的认识,为处理地面观测中出现的降水量与天气现象矛盾等问题提供观测依据;本次降水过程中雨滴数和雨滴尺度谱存在明显的时间变化。较多的是直径0.3mm左右的小雨滴,但对降水强度影响比较大的是直径大于1mm的雨滴,且伴随着大于1mm雨滴增加,雨滴尺度谱加宽,地面降水显著增强。

The DSG5precipitation weather phenomenon instruments have been installed in a large number of domestic stations,and a great deal of valuable data have been observed and recorded.This paper analyzes the data structure,content and application of the DSG5precipitation weather phenomenon instrument data through a precipitation weather process.The analysis finds that the precipitation start time judged by the DSG5precipitation weather phenomenon instrument is later than the actual,and the end time of precipitation is earlier than the actual,and some weak precipitation cannot be judged;the raindrop spectrum data can reveal the fine structure and evolution characteristics of the precipitation process,deepen the understanding of the precipitation process,and help to accurately and intuitively deal with the problem of the mismatch between precipitation and weather phenomena in automatic meteorological observations.From the raindrop spectrum data,there are many small raindrops with a diameter of about 0.3mm in the precipitation process,but the raindrops with a diameter of more than 1mm have the larger impact on precipitation intensity.With the increase of raindrops with a diameter of more than 1mm,the ground precipitation increases significantly.