肠道菌群及其代谢物与溃疡性结肠炎的关系

The gut microbiota and metabolites in ulcerative colitis

溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)是一种慢性非特异性结肠和直肠炎性疾病,属于炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)中的一种。病变主要局限于大肠黏膜和黏膜下层,通常涉及直肠和乙状结肠,也可延伸至整个结肠。病程漫长,常反复发作,严重影响患者的生活质量[1]。流行病学调查发现,UC见于任何年龄,但初发以20~30岁多见,男女比例为1.0:1~1.3:1。

Ulcerative colitis(UC) is a chronic relapsing intestinal inflammatory disease with non-specific symptoms, which is mainly confined to the mucosa and submucosa of colon in any segment. With the characteristic of repeated recurrence, UC has seriously affected the quality of patients’ life. In the past 20 years, the incidence and prevalence of this intestinal illness have gradually increased in china. The etiology of UC is still unclear. A large quantity of research has presented that intestinal flora plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of the gut dysbiosis. Studies show that gut microbiota and their metabolites can not only regulate a variety of inflammatory factors and relevant pathways, but also affect immune responds via the gut-liver axis. The latest research has found that fecal transplantation is a new potential method for the treatment of UC.