“护理方案撰写”在人体寄生虫学教学中的应用

Application of“making a nursing plan”in the teaching of human parasitology

目的探讨引导学生进行“寄生虫病患者护理方案撰写”的教学法在护理本科人体寄生虫学教学中的应用效果。方法选取北京协和医学院护理学院2018级(150人)和2019级(125人)护理本科普通班学生作为研究对象,将两个年级的学生分别设为对照组(常规教学法)和实验组(引导学生撰写“寄生虫病患者的护理方案”教学法)。在笔者承担的相应学期最后一次课结束时,以教学要点理论测试和问卷调查的形式进行教学效果评价。结果实验组学生的理论测试成绩、自主学习能力、分析问题和解决问题的能力、对寄生虫病患者的护理认知水平、理论联系实际能力、沟通与协作能力、对寄生虫学的学习热情以及对整体教学设计和教学方法的满意度等8个方面均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论引导护理本科学生进行“寄生虫病患者护理方案撰写”的教学法能够在现行教学体系中尝试“基于工作环境的学习”(workplace-based learning)理念,其效果明显优于常规教学法。

Objective To improve the learing outcomes of parasitology by asking undergraduates of nursing school to make a nursing plan for patients with parasitic diseases during the process of teaching human parasitology.Methods Undergraduates of four-year curriculum in School of Nursing,Peking Union Medical College enrolled in 2019(n=125)and in 2018(n=150)were selected as objects in experiment group and control group respectively.The education in the experiment group was supplemented by writing a simulating nursing plan while in the control group only implemented the traditional teaching performance.The learning outcome was evaluated in forms of both test of key knowledge points and a questionnaire survey at the end of the last class undertaken by the author in each semester.Results The performance of the students in the experiment group was statistically better than the control group in terms of the test of key knowledge points,as well as the capacity building of self-learning,problem-analyzing and solving,nursing cognition for patients with parasitic diseases,understanding of related theory to practice,communication skill and team spirit,enthusiasm for learning parasitology,and the overall satisfaction to the teaching design and methods(P<0.05).Conclusions The teaching of parasitology supplemented with creating simulating nursing plans for patients with parasitic diseases is guided by the concept of“workplace-based learning”in the current teaching system,and is proved to be a smart pathway of education in nursing school as a supplement to routine teaching process.