海南地区百岁老年人免疫球蛋白及补体表达特征研究

Study on the characteristics of immunoglobulin and complement expression in centenarians in Hainan

目的调查研究海南地区百岁老年人血清免疫球蛋白及补体含量特征。方法收集海南省969例百岁老年人空腹静脉血标本为百岁老年人组,364例高龄老年人为对照组。检测血清免疫球蛋白A、血清免疫球蛋白G、血清免疫球蛋白M、血清免疫球蛋白E、血清免疫球蛋白轻链κ、血清免疫球蛋白轻链λ、补体C3、补体C4含量。分析不同年龄、性别、民族、饮食及吸烟方式下血清免疫球蛋白及补体的含量。结果 (1)百岁老年人组的免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白E、免疫球蛋白轻链κ高于对照组[分别为15.9(13.8,18.3)比14.9(13.1,16.9)g/L;270.0(85.5,851.0)比180.5(58.0,556.2)kU/L;4.1(3.5,4.9)比4.0(3.1,4.6)g/L,均P<0.05];免疫球蛋白M、补体C3、补体C4低于对照组[分别为1.0(0.7,1.4)比1.0(0.8,1.5)g/L;01.0(0.9,1.2)比1.1(1.0,1.3);0.2(0.2,0.3)比0.3(0.2,0.3),均P<0.05]。(2)女性组百岁老年人的免疫球蛋白M及补体C3的含量高于男性[分别为1.1(0.7,1.4)比1.0(0.7,1.3);1.0(0.9,1.1)比1.0(0.8,1.1),均P<0.05]。(3)免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白E、免疫球蛋白轻链κ、免疫球蛋白轻链λ在不同民族百岁老年人间存在均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。(4)长期饮牛奶的百岁老年人比不饮牛奶的百岁老年人血清免疫球蛋白M的含量增高[1.2(0.8,1.5)比1.0(0.7,1.4),P<0.01]。结论百岁老年人血清免疫球蛋白及补体含量在不同年龄、性别、民族及饮食习惯间存在差异,年龄高、女性、少数民族、饮食牛奶等因素下,更易呈现出免疫球蛋白及补体的优势表达。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of serum immunoglobulin and complement levels in centenarians in Hainan.Methods Fasting venous blood samples from 969 centenarians in Hainan province were collected and from 364 seniors serving as the control group.Levels of serum immunoglobulin A,G,M and E,immunoglobulin light chainκandλ,and complement C3 and C4 were measured.Serum immunoglobulin and complement levels were analyzed in subjects based on age,sex,ethnicity,diet and smoking.Results Serum levels of immunoglobulin G and E,and immunoglobulin light chainκwere higher in the centenarian group than in the control group[15.9(13.8,18.3)g/L vs.14.9(13.1,16.9)g/L;270.0(85.5,851.0)vs.180.5 kU/L(58.0,556.2)kU/L,4.1(3.5,4.9)g/L vs.4.0(3.1,4.6)g/L,P<0.05].Serum levels of immunoglobulin M,and complement C3 and C4 were lower in the centenarian group than in the control group[1.0(0.7,1.4)g/L vs.1.1(0.8,1.5)g/L,1.0(0.9,1.2)vs.1.1(1.0,1.3),0.2(0.2,0.3)vs.0.3(0.2,0.3),P<0.05].Serum levels of immunoglobulin M and complement C3 were higher in female centenarians than in male centenarians[1.1(0.7,1.4)vs.1.0(0.7,1.3),1.0(0.9,1.1)vs.1.0(0.8,1.1),P<0.05].There were significant differences in immunoglobulin A,G and E,and immunoglobulin light chainκandλbetween centenarians of different ethnicities(P<0.01).Serum immunoglobulin M levels were higher in centenarians with a long history of milk-drinking than in those without the history[1.2(0.8,1.5)vs.1.0(0.7,1.4),P<0.01].Conclusions Serum levels of immunoglobulins and complements are different among centenarians of different ages,genders,ethnicities and diet habits.Factors such as advanced age,female gender,ethnic minority and milk drinking tend to promote the expression of immunoglobulins and complements.