大型罗勒和柚子精油的成分分析及其抗氧化性

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil from Ocimum basilicum L.var.majus Benth.and Citrus maxima

采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法对大型罗勒精油和柚子精油的化学成分进行分析,并采用DPPH自由基(DPPH·)清除法、ABTS自由基阳离子(ABTS^(+)·)清除法对精油及其主要单体的抗氧化性能进行了研究。大型罗勒精油鉴定出46个化学成分,占总含量的84.07%,其主要成分为香叶醛(14.20%)、β-石竹烯氧化物(10.97%)、香橙醛(10.38%)和β-石竹烯(4.09%);柚子精油鉴定出48个化学成分,占总含量的92.24%,其主要成分为柠檬烯(43.88%)、石竹烯(22.09%)、葎草烯(4.57%)和γ-松油烯(4.41%)。结果表明,大型罗勒精油和柚子精油对DPPH·和ABTS^(+)·均具有清除活性,其中大型罗勒精油和柚子精油清除DPPH·的IC_(50)值分别为3.96 mg/mL和23.22 mg/mL;清除ABTS^(+)·的IC_(50)值分别为1.61 mg/mL和2.30 mg/mL。由此可知,大型罗勒精油和柚子精油可以作为一种较为安全的天然抗氧化物来源。

The chemical constituents of essential oils from Ocimum basilicum L.var.majus Benth.and Citrus maxima were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).DPPH free radical(DPPH·)scavenging method and ABTS free radical reaction(ABTS^(+)·)scavenging method were used to treat essential oils.The antioxidant properties of its main monomers also had been studied.A total of 46 compounds in the essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L.var.majus Benth.were identified,counting for 84.07%of the total content.The main components were geranial(14.20%),β-caryophyllene oxide(10.97%),neral(10.38%)andβ-caryophyllene(4.09%).A total of 48 compounds were identified from Citrus maxima essential oil,accounting for 92.24%of the total content.The main components were limonene(43.88%),β-caryophyllene(22.09%),humulene(4.57%)andγ-terpinene(4.41%).The results showed that the essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L.var.majus Benth.and Citrus maxima had scavenging activity on DPPH·and ABTS^(+)·,whose DPPH·antioxidant scavenging ability(IC_(50))in vitro were 3.96 mg/mL and 23.22 mg/mL by essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L.var.majus Benth.and Citrus maxima,and whose ABTS^(+)·antioxidant scavenging ability(IC_(50))in vitro were 1.61 mg/mL and 2.30 mg/mL by essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L.var.majus Benth.and Citrus maxima,respectively.It can be seen that the essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L.var.majus Benth.and Citrus maxima can be used as a safe source of natural antioxidants.