四川省凉山州受艾滋病影响儿童焦虑情况及影响因素分析

Analysis of anxiety and influencing factors of Yi ethnic children affected by AIDS

目的了解凉山州彝族受艾滋病影响儿童(简称受艾影响儿童)焦虑现状及其影响因素。方法采用问卷调查法对凉山州某两所学校223名受艾影响儿童的焦虑情绪现状进行调查并分析其影响因素。结果223名受艾影响儿童平均年龄为(15.24±2.79)岁,其中男童120名(53.8%),女童103名(46.2%),使用儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查量表测得其焦虑情绪检出率为72.6%;受艾影响女童焦虑水平高于男童(t=12.59,P<0.05);受艾影响儿童中13~18岁儿童焦虑水平高于6~12岁儿童(t=17.11,P<0.05);家庭矛盾发生越频繁,受艾影响儿童焦虑问题越严重(t=7.37,P<0.05);受艾影响儿童焦虑与儿童自我意识各维度、青少年社会支持各维度呈负相关,与儿童被忽视各维度呈正相关;儿童身体状况(β=0.195)、年龄段(β=0.204)、性别(β=0.163)、交流忽视(β=0.199)和情感忽视(β=0.259)可以显著预测受艾影响儿童焦虑。结论凉山州彝族受艾影响儿童焦虑问题较为严重,亟需心理干预,可从儿童自我意识、被忽视和社会支持入手,缓解当地受艾影响儿童的焦虑问题。

Objective To understand the anxiety status and influencing factors of children affected by AIDS in Liangshan prefecture.Methods A questionnaire survey was used to investigate the status of anxiety of 223 children affected by AIDS in two schools in Liangshan and the influencing factors were analyzed accordingly.Results The average age of 223 children affected by AIDS was 15.24±2.79 years,including 120 boys(53.8%)and 103 girls(46.2%).The anxiety detection rate was 72.6%measured by the Child Anxiety Disorder Screening Scale.Among the AIDS affected children,the girls’anxiety level was higher than boys’(t=12.59,P<0.05);the middle school students’anxiety level was higher than primary school students’(t=17.11,P<0.05).The more frequently family conflicts occurred,the more serious the anxiety problem of children were(t=7.37,P<0.05).The AIDS affected children’s anxiety was negatively correlated with the dimensions of Children’s Self-concept Scale and Adolescent Social Support Scale,and positively correlated with those of Child Neglect Scale.Children’s physical condition(β=0.195),age range(β=0.204),gender(β=0.163),communication neglect(β=0.199)and emotional neglect(β=0.259)could significantly predict AIDS affected children’s anxiety.Conclusion The anxiety problem of Yi AIDS-affected children in Liangshan is serious and psychological intervention is urgently needed.We can start to alleviate the anxiety problem to improve children’s self-awareness,reduce the emotional neglect and provide social support to them.