聚氨酯微胶囊应用研究进展

Research Progress in the Application of Polyurethane Microcapsules

在高分子结构的主链上含有多个氨基甲酸酯基团(—NHCOO—)的聚合物通称为聚氨基甲酸酯,简称聚氨酯(PU),其是全球发展最快的高分子合成材料之一。由于具有软硬度可调节范围宽、柔韧性好、附着力强、耐低温等优点,PU逐渐被人们所认识并广泛应用于国民经济的众多领域。PU微胶囊通常由界面聚合法制备,以PU作壁材显示出良好的耐磨性、高机械强度等优越性能。综述了PU微胶囊的常用单体和不同乳化剂的应用效果,重点介绍了单壳和多壳型PU微胶囊的特点及其在相变材料、涂料、医药、香料香精等方面的应用,并对其发展前景进行了展望。

A polymer containing a large number of urethane groups(—NHCOO—)in the main chain of the polymer structure is generally referred to as a polyurethane(PU).It is one of the fastest growing polymer synthetic materials in the world.It is gradually recognized by its wide adjustable range of softness and hardness,good flexibility,strong adhesion and low temperature resistance.The superiority of polyurethane has been widely used in many fields of the national economy.Polyurethane microcapsules are usually prepared by interfacial polymerization,and polyurethane as a wall material exhibits superior wear resistance and high mechanical strength.In this paper,the application effects of common monomers and different emulsifiers of polyurethane microcapsules are introduced,and the characteristics of single-shell and multishell polyurethane microcapsules,as well as their application properties in phase change materials,coatings,drug and fragrance carriers are reviewed.Finally the prospects for its development are prospected.