打顶调控对烟叶碳氮代谢主要产物的影响

Effect of Topping Regulation on the Main Products of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Tobacco Leaves

为探索打顶调控对黔中烟区及黔西南烟区烟叶碳氮代谢主要产物的影响,本试验研究黔西县林泉镇与安龙县普坪镇‘云烟87’在打顶后不同时期的烟叶糖碱变化规律。结果表明,(1)烟叶中总糖和还原糖含量在两个烟区随烟叶部位变高和打顶后烟叶采收时间的延长均呈不断下降的趋势。(2)烟叶中总氮含量在两个烟区均随烟叶部位变高呈现上升的趋势;在烟株打顶后随时间的延长,烟叶中的总氮含量呈下降趋势。(3)烟碱在打顶调控前分配给下二棚的最多,随着部位的升高,烟碱含量下降;打顶调控后,随着时间的延长,两个烟区各部位烟叶烟碱含量总体呈上升趋势。(4)从两个烟区来看,黔中烟区在打顶后相同时间段、相同部位烟叶的总氮和烟碱含量高于黔西南烟区,总糖和还原糖含量则低于黔西南烟区;黔中烟区的下二棚采收时间为打顶后7 d,黔西南烟区则是打顶后14 d。两个烟区上二棚和腰叶的采收时间均为打顶后14 d;打顶后21 d,两个烟区的顶叶均可采收。本研究可为解释黔西南烟区的高糖低碱及探索两个烟区适宜的田间烟叶采收时间提供重要参考。

In order to explore the effects of topping regulation on the main products of carbon and nitrogen metabolismof tobacco leaves in Central Guizhou and southwest Guizhou,the sugar and alkali changes of'yunyan87'in Linquan town of Qianxi County and puping town of Anlong county at different stages after topping were studied.The results showed,(1)The content of total sugar and reducing sugar in tobacco leaves decreased with the increase of tobacco leaf position and harvest time after topping in both tobacco growing areas;(2)The total nitrogen content increased with the increase of tobacco leaf position in both tobacco growing areas.After topping,the total nitrogen content in tobacco leaves decreased with time;(3)Nicotine distributed the most to the bottom leaf before topping,and the nicotine content decreased with the increase of the parts.After topping,the nicotine content of tobacco leaves in each part of the two tobacco growing areas showed an overall upward trend with the extension of time and(4)from the two tobacco growing areas,the contents of total nitrogen and nicotine in the tobacco growing area of Central Guizhou tobacco growing areas were higher than those in the tobacco growing area of Southwest Guizhou tobacco growing areas at the same time and position after topping,while the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar were lower than those in the tobacco growing area of Southwest Guizhou tobacco growing areas.The harvest time of bottomleaf was 7 days after topping in the tobacco growing area of Central Guizhou and 14 days after topping in the tobacco growing area of Southwest Guizhou.The harvest time of upper leaf and middle leaf in two tobacco growing areas was 14 days after topping.21 days after topping,the top leaves of the two tobacco growing areas could be harvested.The study could provide an important reference for explaining the high sugar and low alkali in the tobacco growing area of Southwest Guizhou and exploring the suitable harvest time of tobacco in the field.