美国祖辈教养社区干预实验研究及启示

An Intervention Experiment in American Grandparenthood-rearing Communities and Its Implications

为帮助美国祖辈应对育孙中的诸多挑战,美国研究者在社区开展了以带孙祖辈为干预对象,以课程、组织等为载体的育孙干预实验,有效提升了祖辈应对育孙挑战的韧性。本文在梳理美国祖辈教养社区干预实验的概况和特征,剖析以赋权增能为视角的干预设计案例之后,发现赋权增能可以在个人、组织、社区三个层面传递,不仅为祖辈提供广阔的学习平台,也增强了祖辈参与组织和社区变革的能力,进而从需求诊断、赋权增能、整合资源三个方面为国内终身教育研究开发祖辈育孙支持方案提供参考思路。

In order to help American grandparents cope with the challenges of grandchild-rearing,American researchers carried out intervention experiments in communities with grandchild-rearing grandparenthood as the object,with courses and organizations as the carriers,which effectively improved grandparents'resilience of coping with the challenges of grandchild-rearing.After sorting out the general situation and characteristics of the intervention experiment,and analyzing the empowerment-based intervention cases,it finds that empowerment can be passed on at three levels:individual,organization and community,which can not only provide broad learning platform for grandparents but also enhance grandparents'ability of participating in the reform of the organizations and communities.This paper aims to provide a reference for domestic lifelong education research and development of grandparenthood support programs from three aspects:demand diagnosis,increasing empowerment,and resource integration.