基于肾主生殖理论探讨男子生殖之精和胎孕的关系

Relationship between the essence of male reproduction and conception based on “kidney governing reproduction”

通过梳理中医理论肾主生殖的相关文献,辨析男子生殖之精与肾精的区别,进而探讨男子生殖之精与胎孕的关系。肾主生殖的功能是基于中医藏象学说中"肾藏精"的功能。其中,"肾藏精"主要体现为肾具有封藏之性,可藏先、后天之精及脏腑之精。肾主生殖主要体现在两点,其一是肾与男子生殖器官关系密切,其二是肾可通过调节肾中精气进而调节人体生殖功能。男子生殖之精与肾精的功能、储藏部位均不同。肾精藏于肾,除濡养并维持本脏腑的生理功能以外,还可作为化生男子生殖之精的物质基础。而男子生殖之精藏于精室,有繁殖作用,可排出体外与女子生殖之精结合成胎。对胎孕而言,胎孕的形成是以男子生殖之精与女子生殖之精互相交结而成,因此,男子生殖之精的健康是形成胎孕的必要因素,其异常会导致胎儿的禀赋不足。

After thoroughly studying the TCM literature related to the theory of "kidney governing reproduction", in this paper, the difference between male reproductive essence and kidney essence are analyzed;and based on that, the relationship between male reproductive essence and conception are discussed. The basis of "kidney governing reproduction" is the theory of "kidney storing essence" in visceral manifestation theory, which mainly refers to the kidney’s nature of housing both the innate and acquired essence and essence of zang-fu organs. While the theory of "kidney governing reproduction" is mainly reflected in two aspects. One is the close relationship between the kidney and male reproductive organs;the other is that the kidney can regulate reproductive function of the body by adjusting the essence and qi in the kidney. The differences between the male reproductive essence and kidney essence lie in both their functions and location of storage. Kidney essence, which is stored in the kidney, works to not only nourish and maintain the physiological function of the kidney, but also serves as the material basis for the transformation and generation of male reproductive essence. On the other hand, the male reproductive essence, which of reproductive function and stored in the essence chamber, is to be excreted from the body to join with the female reproductive essence for conception. In a word, the conception and forming of fetus is based on the combination of the male reproductive essence and the female reproductive essence. Therefore, the health of male reproductive essence is a necessary factor for the formation of a fetus, and its abnormality will lead to the deficiency of fetal endowment.