慢性心力衰竭患者生存质量及其影响因素的调查研究

Study on factors affecting the quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure

目的探讨与慢性心力衰竭患者生存质量相关的影响因素,以期为慢性心力衰竭患者的防护提供数据参考。方法选取于2010—2012年期间就诊于中国中医科学院广安门医院、北京中医药大学东方医院、湖北省中医院等多家医院的182名慢性心力衰竭患者的调查信息构建数据库,基于SPSS 23.0软件进行频数、差异性及多元回归等统计分析。结果不同因素对健康调查简表(SF-36量表)不同维度得分的影响结果显示,性别对躯体功能(P=0.015)、精力(P=0.007)、精神健康(P=0.017)、社会功能(P=0.020)维度得分有影响;年龄对生理机能(P=0.013)、躯体功能(P=0.02)、情感职能(P=0.007)维度得分有影响;教育程度对生理机能(P<0.001)、精力(P=0.019)、情感职能(P<0.001)、社会功能(P<0.001)维度得分有影响;饮食偏辣对生理机能(P=0.01)及总体健康(P=0.01)维度得分有影响;运动频率对生理机能(P=0.004)、躯体功能(P=0.039)、情感职能(P=0.006)、精神健康(P=0.001)及社会功能(P=0.005)维度得分有影响;是否服用中药对总体健康(P=0.048)维度得分有影响。不同因素对SF-36量表总分的单因素分析结果显示性别(P=0.007)、年龄(P=0.006)、教育程度(P<0.001)、饮食偏咸(P=0.036)及运动频率(P=0.006)会影响总分的高低;多元分析结果显示教育程度与总分呈正相关(P=0.003,r=7.368)。结论性别、年龄、不同的饮食生活习惯、教育程度、合并症等会影响慢性心力衰竭患者的生存质量。

Objective To explore the influencing factors related to the quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF), and provide a reference basis for the prevention and care of such patients. Methods The information of 182 patients who visited Guang’anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and other hospitals during 2010-2012 were selected to construct a database, and statistical analysis such as frequency, difference analysis and multiple regression were performed with SPSS 23.0 software. Results The effect of different factors on the scores in different dimensions of the SF-36 scale showed that gender had a significant effect on physical functioning(P=0.015), vitality(P=0.007), mental health(P=0.017), and social functioning(P=0.020);age had an effect on physical functioning(P=0.013), role-physical(P=0.02), and role-emotional(P=0.007);education level had an influence on physical functioning(P<0.001), vitality(P=0.019), role-emotional(P<0.001) and social functioning(P<0.001);spicy diet had an impact on physical functioning(P=0.01) and general health(P=0.01);exercise frequency had an impact on physical function(P=0.004), role-physical(P=0.039), role-emotional(P=0.006), mental health(P=0.001) and social functioning(P=0.005);whether taking TCM decoction had an impact on general health(P=0.048). The univariate analysis of the total score of the SF-36 scale by different factors showed gender(P=0.007), age(P=0.006), education level(P<0.001), salty diet(P=0.036) and exercise frequency(P=0.006) affected the total score;the results of multivariate analysis showed that education level was positively correlated with the total score(P=0.003, coefficient=7.368). Conclusion Gender, age, different dietary habits, education, and comorbidities could possibly affect the quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure.