疫情网络谣言治理中个人数据利用的法律规制

The value of personal data and the legal regulation of its use in the governance of online rumors about the epidemic

重大疫情网络谣言的数据化治理经验,能够为相关部门利用信息驱动有效监管和正确引导舆情发展提供指导。对新媒体平台利用信息技术实现辟谣效果的调查分析表明,利用个人信息辅助疫情网络谣言治理,具有优化治理手段、简化治理过程、强化治理效度等巨大优势。但出于个人信息上承载的个人权利与公共利益之间结构平衡的考虑,应当构建疫情网络谣言治理中个人信息的使用规则,确立以“隐私信息”为界的个人信息收集标准与态度数据和有限行为数据的信息利用范围。通过完善突发事件应急处置中个人信息的相关法律救济制度,调和个人信息共享与保护之间的利益冲突,促进个人信息的有序共享与合理利用。

The experience of data-based governance of major epidemic network rumors can provide guidance for relevant departments to use information to drive effective supervision and correctly guide the development of public opinion.The investigation and analysis of the use of information technology to dispel rumors by new media platforms shows that the use of personal information to assist in the management of online rumors of the epidemic has great advantages in optimizing governance methods,simplifying governance processes,and strengthening governance effectiveness.However,in consideration of the structural balance between personal rights attached to personal information and public interests,rules for the use of personal information in the governance of online rumors in the epidemic should be set,personal information collection standards and attitudes based on“private information”should be established,and limits should be made on information utilization range of behavioral data.Finally,the relevant legal relief system for personal information in emergency response should be improved so as to reconcile the conflict of interest between personal information sharing and protection,and to promote the orderly sharing and rational use of personal information.