丝裂亚菊精油抗氧化、抑菌活性及抑菌机理初步研究

Chemical composition, antibacterial activity and preliminary study on antibacterial mechanism of the essential oil from Ajania nematoloba

对丝裂亚菊精油进行成分分析,测定抗氧化活性和抑菌活性并初步研究其抑菌机理.蒸馏法提取丝裂亚菊精油并对其成分进行气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析;滤纸片法定性测定其抑菌活性,倍比稀释法定量测定最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度;1, 1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼测定抗氧化能力;扫描电镜观察精油对测试菌种细胞壁膜的影响. GC-MS分析结果显示,丝裂亚菊精油中含有17种化合物,占精油总含量的97.37%,主要成分为β-蒎烯(34.72%)、(1, 8-)桉树脑(24.97%)和马鞭草烯醇(20.39%);抑菌试验发现丝裂亚菊精油对供试菌种均具有较强的拮抗作用,且供试菌种的最低抑菌浓度在2.5~80μL/mL内,最低杀菌浓度在10~80μL/mL内;扫描电镜结果显示植物精油破坏了细菌的壁膜,且浓度越大,对细胞壁膜的损伤程度越大.丝裂亚菊精油对破伤风杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌有很强的抑制性,其抗菌机理为丝裂亚菊精油对细菌细胞的壁膜造成了不可逆转的破坏.

A composition analysis of the essential oil from Ajania nematoloba was carried out, its antioxidant and antibacterial activity determined and the antibacterial mechanism was preliminarily studied. The essential oil of A. nematoloba was extracted by distillation and analyzed via a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS);the antibacterial activity was determined with the method of dics paper, and the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericide concentration values were determined by the dilution method;1, 1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine was used to determine the antioxidant capacity;scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used to observe the effect of essential oil on the cell wall membrane of the test strain. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that there were 17 compounds in the essential oil of A. nematoloba, accounting for 97.37% of the total content. The main components were β-pinene(34.72%), eucalyptol(24.97%) and verbenol(20.39%);the bacteriostatic test found that the essential oil had a strong antagonistic effect on the tested strains, the minimum inhibitory concentration value of the tested strains was in the range of 2.5-80 μL/m L and the minimum bactericide concentration value in the range of 10-80 μL/m L. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that the plant essential oil destroyed the bacterial wall membrane and, the greater the concentration, the greater the damage to the cell wall membrane. The essential oil of A. nematoloba had a strong inhibition against Nicolaieri’s bacillus, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Its antibacterial mechanism was that the mitochondrial essential oil could cause irreversible damage to the wall membrane of bacterial cells.