江苏省无锡市2015-2019年白纹伊蚊对5种常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性发展趋势

Resistance development trend of Aedes albopictus to five commonly used insecticides in Wuxi,Jiangsu province,China,2015-2019

目的分析无锡市2015-2019年白纹伊蚊对常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性发展趋势,为合理使用卫生杀虫剂提供科学依据。方法2015-2019年间,按照东、西、南、北、中5个不同的地理方位选取居民区或公园,采用诱卵器法采集白纹伊蚊,带回实验室饲养一代后,采用幼虫浸渍法测定抗药性水平。结果2015、2017-2019年白纹伊蚊幼虫对高效氯氰菊酯的抗性系数分别为101.12、106.90、54.66和26.12,对溴氰菊酯的抗性系数为46.48、63.75、22.39和13.86,对氯菊酯的抗性系数为153.74、66.32、63.79和37.53。2015和2018年,对高效氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯呈高度抗性,2019年下降为中度抗性;2015-2017年,对溴氰菊酯呈高度抗性,2018-2019年下降为中度抗性。2015、2017-2019年白纹伊蚊幼虫对双硫磷的抗性系数为5.98、7.42、10.00和2.35,2018和2019年对仲丁威的抗性系数分别为21.14和5.64。白纹伊蚊幼虫对双硫磷呈现低抗-中抗-敏感的发展趋势,对仲丁威呈低度至中度抗性。结论无锡市白纹伊蚊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯呈中度至高度抗性,对双硫磷和仲丁威呈低度至中度抗性,2019年的整体抗性水平呈下降趋势。应合理使用卫生杀虫剂,避免大量使用已产生高度抗性的卫生杀虫剂,采用交替、轮用或混合使用的策略,以有效延缓抗药性的发展。

Objective To analyze the resistance development of Aedes albopictus to commonly used insecticides in Wuxi,Jiangsu province,China from 2015 to 2019,and to provide scientific evidence for rational use of insecticides.Methods During 2015 to 2019,Ae.albopictus was collected by ovitrap method from the residential areas or parks of eastern,western,southern,northern,and central regions of Wuxi,and was reared to F1 generation in the laboratory.The larval dipping method was used to test the resistance level.Results The resistance ratio(RR)of Ae.albopictus larvae to beta-cypermethrin was 101.12 in 2015,106.90 in 2017,54.66 in 2018,and 26.12 in 2019.The RR to deltamethrin was 46.48 in 2015,63.75 in 2017,22.39 in 2018,and 13.86 in 2019.The RR to permethrin was 153.74 in 2015,66.32 in 2017,63.79 in 2018,and 37.53 in 2019.The resistance to beta-cypermethrin and permethrin was high from 2015 to 2018,but declined to a moderate level in 2019.The resistance to deltamethrin was high from 2015 to 2017,but declined to a moderate level from 2018 to 2019.The RR to temephos was 5.98 in 2015,7.42 in 2017,10.00 in 2018,and 2.35 in 2019.The RR to fenobucarb was 21.14 in 2018 and 5.64 in 2019.The resistance of the larvae to temephos changed from a low to moderate level then to a sensitive level.The resistance to fenobucarb was low or moderate.Conclusion Ae.albopictus in Wuxi shows moderate-to-high resistance to beta-cypermethrin,deltamethrin,and permethrin,and low-tomoderate resistance to temephos and fenobucarb.The resistance generally showed a declining trend in 2019.Rational use of insecticides should be advocated to delay the development of insecticide resistance.Avoid heavy usage of high-resistance insecticides and adopt the strategy of alternation,rotation,or mixing of insecticides.