云南省2009-2018年流行性乙型脑炎病例时空分布特征分析

An analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan province,China,2009-2018

目的分析2009-2018年云南省流行性乙型脑炎病例时空分布特征,为防控提供依据。方法收集云南省2009-2018年的乙脑病例信息,利用Excel 2010软件统计数据并绘制时间分布图,采用ArcGIS 10.6软件绘制空间分布图,使用SaTScan 9.4.2软件分别对空间、时间和时空进行扫描分析。结果共有125县(区)报告乙脑病例2091例。单纯空间分析发现乙脑病例分布主要有5个聚集区,主要分布在西双版纳傣族自治州、普洱市、红河哈尼族彝族自治州、昭通市、文山壮族苗族自治州、德宏傣族景颇族自治州和昆明市的33个县(区);单纯时间分析显示病例时间聚集在6-9月;时空分析法显示乙脑病例分布仅聚集在1个区,主要分布在昭通市的大关、永善、盐津、昭阳、水富、绥江、鲁甸、镇雄8个县(区),病例主要发生在8-9月。结论云南省2009-2018年的乙脑发病存在时空聚集性,主要聚集在滇东北地区,提示滇东北地区相关部门应进一步加强当地乙脑监测及开展工作。

Objective To analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan province,China,from 2009 to 2018,and to provide a basis for formulating the strategies of Japanese encephalitis prevention and control.Methods The data of Japanese encephalitis cases in Yunnan province from 2009 to 2018 were collected.Excel 2010 software was used to make statistics and plot the temporal distribution of Japanese encephalitis cases.ArcGIS 10.6 software was used to plot the spatial distribution of Japanese encephalitis cases.SaTScan 9.4.2 software was used to scan and analyze the spatial,temporal,and spatial-temporal distributions of Japanese encephalitis cases.Results A total of 2091 cases of Japanese encephalitis were reported by 125 counties(districts)from 2009 to 2018.Via the spatial analysis alone,it was found that there were mainly five clusters of Japanese encephalitis cases,which were distributed in 33 counties of Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture,Pu'er city,Honghe Hani and Yi autonomous prefecture,Zhaotong city,Wenshan Zhuang and Miao autonomous prefecture,Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefecture,and Kunming city.Via the temporal analysis alone,it was shown that the Japanese encephalitis cases were concentrated in June to September.Via the spatial-temporal analysis,it was shown that there was only one cluster of Japanese encephalitis cases,which was mainly distributed in 8 counties of Zhaotong city,Daguan,Yongshan,Yanjin,Zhaoyang,Shuifu,Suijiang,Ludian,and Zhenxiong,and the cases were concentrated in August to September.Conclusion The incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan province had spatial-temporal clustering from 2009 to 2018,and it was mainly concentrated in the northeast of Yunnan province.The relevant departments in the northeast of Yunnan province should further strengthen the local Japanese encephalitis surveillance and prevention and control measures.