阿拉伯社会文化变迁中的早期戏剧艺术

The Early Dramatic Art in the Context of Arab Social and Cultural Changes

阿拉伯戏剧是在19世纪下半叶阿拉伯近现代文化复兴运动的总体语境下兴起的,具有与生俱来的文化启蒙和大众教化意识。来自沙姆的早期剧作家在引进戏剧这一全新的文学体裁时,也致力于传播欧洲的先进思想文化。20世纪上半叶,阿拉伯戏剧事业以埃及为中心继续向前发展,剧作家们积极创作反映埃及社会现实状况的作品。其中,陶菲克·哈基姆为使阿拉伯戏剧成为阿拉伯文学的一个正规门类付出了巨大努力。

The Arabic drama which grew up in the context of the Nahdah in the second half of the 19th century,featured the inherent consciousness of the cultural enlightenment and the edification of the masses.It was introduced by the early dramatists from al-Sham,who tried to spread the European modern culture and thought simultaneously.In the first half of the 20^(th) century,Egypt became the centre for Arab theatre to make its continuous progress,due to the Egyptian dramatists who devoted themselves in producing works to reflect social realities.Tawfiq al-Hakim was an outstanding figure in the process of making the drama a regular genre in the arena of Arabic literature.