伊拉克库尔德问题的演变

The Development of Iraq’s Kurdish Question

伊拉克库尔德问题自1926年正式确立后,大致经历了五个时期的发展。与其他三国的库尔德人相比,伊拉克库尔德人从一开始就获得了更多的权利和较为宽松的活动空间,这也使得伊拉克库尔德问题的历史演进延续性最长,且最为激烈。演变至今,伊拉克库尔德人已获得高度的自治地位,但这并不意味着伊拉克库尔德问题得到了彻底有效的解决,伊拉克国家建构的失效与库尔德民族主义间的张力,在地区局势的剧烈演变下,依旧使得该问题充满不确定性。

The Kurdish Question in Iraq has generally experienced five periods since its formal inception in 1926.Compared with their counterparts in other three countries,the Iraqi Kurds gained more rights and a more flexible space for their movement,which made this question the most remarkable in terms of continuity and intensity.Up to now,the Iraqi Kurds have gained a high degree of autonomy.Nevertheless,this doesn’t mean that this question has been solved completely and effectively.The tension between the failure of Iraq’s nation building and the Kurdish nationalism,under the highly evolved regional changes,keeps making this question scattered with uncertainties.