扑翼飞行器驱动机构回顾与展望

Driving mechanism of flapping wing aircraft:Review and prospect

扑翼飞行器的驱动机构是扑翼飞行器的动力装置,决定了扑翼飞行器的整机性能。随着人们对扑翼飞行器性能的要求越来越高,各国研究者们对其驱动机构工作原理的探索也越来越深入,从而使扑翼飞行器驱动机构设计理论与方法研究取得了显著进展。在最近几年里,更是涌现出了许多新型高效的驱动机构。本文对近些年出现的传统纯机械式的驱动机构和基于智能材料的驱动机构的应用现状做了详细的研究与总结,并分析了其特点与发展趋势。介绍了柔性结构在扑翼飞行器领域的应用情况,并分析了其在驱动机构中发挥的作用。

The driving mechanism of the flapping wing aircraft,being the power device of the aircraft,determines the overall performance of the aircraft.With increasingly high requirements for the performance of flapping wing aircraft,researchers throughout the world have made increasingly deep explorations into the working principle of the driving mechanism with remarkable progresses in the design theories and methods.Recent years have witnessed the emergence of many new and efficient driving mechanisms.This article studies and summarizes the application status of traditional purely mechanical driving mechanisms and the mechanisms based on smart materials that have appeared in recent years with an analysis of their characteristics and development trends.The application of flexible structure in the field of flapping wing aircraft and its role in the driving mechanism are also introduced and analyzed.