中国对地观测20年科技进步和发展

Scientific and technological progress and development prospect of the earth observation in China in the past 20 years

2000年以来,中国对地观测领域在国家科技计划的支持下,积累了系列关键技术和核心成果。以此为重要引领,支撑形成了气象、海洋、陆地业务化遥感卫星系列和多类别遥感科学实验卫星系列,建立了较为完善的卫星遥感和灵活多样的航空遥感数据获取体系。同时,构建了数据获取、处理和产品服务体系和面向不同需要的应用系统,较大程度上满足主要行业常态化和应急应用需求。特别是国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)地球观测与导航领域的设立和国家重大科技专项"高分辨率对地观测系统"的实施,系统加强了中国综合对地观测技术和能力。在此基础上通过多边和双边合作,中国对地观测领域在国际上取得了参与全球对地观测进程的主导地位,发展巩固了中欧和中美等重要国际合作渠道。科技人才队伍日益壮大,产学研合作推动遥感科技成果商业化培育环境不断完善,多元化商业遥感卫星初见规模,多类别遥感产品蓬勃发展,涌现出一批代表性企业。面向未来,空天地一体化观测能力、定量化信息获取技术和智能化观测等方面将会得到进一步发展,遥感大数据管理技术和共享服务机制等也将会有新的突破。

With the support of the national science and technology programs, China has been gradually accumulateda series of key technologies and core achievements in the field of earth observation since 2000. Taking this as an important lead, it has formed a series of operational remote-sensing satellites for meteorology, marine and land resources, and a series of multi-category remote-sensing scientific experiment satellites. Relatively comprehensive data acquisition systems for satellite andflexible and diverseaerial remote-sensing datawere created. At the same time, the systemsfor data acquisition, processing, product services and applications oriented to different needs weredeveloped to meet daily and emergency needs of major industries. In particular, the establishment of the earth observation and navigation field in the National High Technology Research and Development Program(namely 863 Program) and the implementation of the National Major Science and Technology Project "China High-Resolution Earth Observation System(CHEOS)" have systematically strengthened China’s overall earth observation technology and capability. Through multi-lateral and bilateral internationalcooperation, China started to play a leading role in the global earth observation process, and has developed and consolidated important international cooperation channels such as Sino-EU, Sino-US. With the continuous development of talent teams, the cultivation environment for industry-universityresearch cooperation promoting the commercialization of remote-sensing scientific and technological achievements has being constantly improved, and a number of leading enterprises have emerged. Diversified commercial remote-sensing satellites have begun to take shape,and various types of remote-sensing products were booming, and a number of typical enterprises have emerged. In the future, the space-airground integrated observation capability, quantitative information acquisition technology, and intelligent observation will be further developed. The remote-sensing big data management technology and the sharing service mechanism will also have new breakthroughs.