媒体形象内化对大学生限制性饮食行为的影响:一个有调节的中介模型

The Effect of Media Image Internalization on College Students’Restrained Eating:A Moderated Mediation Model

基于三重影响模型和客体化模型,探讨媒体形象内化与大学生限制性饮食行为的关系及其作用机制,采用外表的社会文化态度问卷、自我客体化问卷、荷兰人饮食行为问卷、自我同情量表四个量表对600名在校大学生进行调查。结果显示:(1)媒体形象内化显著正向预测大学生限制性饮食行为;(2)自我客体化在媒体形象内化与大学生限制性饮食行为的关系中起中介作用;(3)自我同情调节媒体形象内化与自我客体化之间的关系,随着自我同情的增加,自我客体化的中介作用减小。

In recent decades,restrained eating has become an important issue in the study of eating disorders and obesity.Restrained eating(RE)refers to intentional,sustained restriction of caloric intake to lose or maintain body weight.Some studies have shown that college students belong to the high incidence of restrained eating behavior.Restrained eating behavior would lead to low self-esteem,anxiety,depression,and even suicide in,which seriously affects the physical and mental health of college students.Therefore,researchers believe that it is necessary to discuss the intrinsic mechanism of college students’restrained eating behavior,so as to provide theoretical support for the prevention and intervention strategies of college students’restrained eating behavior,and to reduce the negative effects of restrained eating behavior.Studies have shown that media image is an important predictor of restrained eating behavior.However,its mechanism needs to be further studied.Firstly,based on the tripartite influence model,media image internalization might be a potential facilitator of restrained eating behavior.Secondly,according to objectification theory,media image internalization is associated with self-objectification,which in turn is associated with restrained eating behaviors.Self-objectification is characterized as regarding oneself as an object or collection of body parts.It could be hypothesized that self-objectification would mediate the relationship between media image internalization and restrained eating behaviors.Self-compassion is an emotionally positive self-attitude.According to Neff,selfcompassion might have a potential influence on the associations.In order to explore the influence of media image internalization of restrained eating and its mechanism of action,we constructed a moderated mediation model to examine mediating effect of self-objectification and moderating role of self-compassion.Some 600 college school students were selected as samples,of which 216 were male and 307 were female,with an average age of 20.18.The questionnaires included the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale-3(SATAQ-3),Self-Objectification Questionnaire(SOQ),Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire(DEBQ),and Self-Compassion Scale(SCS).Data were collected and analyzed with SPSS 24.0 and Mplus 8.3,and the biascorrected percentile bootstrap method was used to analyze the role of self-objectification and self-compassion between media image internalization and college students’restrained eating behavior.An exploratory factor analysis was calculated to test the common method variance.Results showed that the study was in-existent common method variance.The results indicated that:(1)Media image internalization was positively correlated with self-objectification and restrained eating behavior,and self-objectification was also positively correlated with restrained eating behavior.The correlation coefficient ranged from.21 to.29(p<.01).(2)The structural equation model revealed that the data fit the theoretical model well(χ2/df=.33,CFI=1,TLI=1,SRMR=.01,RMSEA=0).(3)Media image internalization had a significant direct effect on restrained eating behavior(β=.25,p<.01);Media image internalization had a significant direct impact on self-objectification(β=.25,p<.01);Self-objectification had a significant direct effect of restrained eating behavior(β=.15,p<.01);Self-compassion had no significant direct effect on restrained eating behavior(β=-.03,p>.05);Interaction had a significant direct effect on restrained eating behavior(β=-.13,p<.01).(4)The indirect effect of media image internalization on restrained eating behavior was caused by self-objectification.(5)Selfcompassion moderated the relationship between media image internalization and restrained eating behavior.At low levels of self-compassion,there was a significant positive relationship between media image internalization and self-objectification.However,at high levels of self-compassion,there was a non-significant relationship between media image internalization and self-objectification.It is concluded that in the structural equation model of media image internalization on restrained eating behavior of college school students,self-objectification plays a partial mediation role and selfcompassion moderates the indirect effect.