民事程序类指导案例的构建与运用

The Construction and Application of the Guiding Cases of Civil Procedure Law

成文民事诉讼规则具有对个案所适用的司法环境难以清晰表达、对当事人就程序性争议所秉持的诉讼态度和诉讼心理难以描述、对类型化的程序要素无法一一明细等固有局限。目前最高人民法院已公布的程序类指导案例数量较为匮乏、对个案诉讼场景的展示不充分、对程序价值理念的彰显和分析不足。为此,应加强对待建程序类指导案例所精选素材的描述,同时既要对程序类指导案例所运用的程序规则进行正反两方面显形参照,也要对其所运用的程序精神进行隐形参照,并且完善指导案例的构成体系和撰写方法。

Written rules of procedure law have inherent limitations,such as difficulty in expressing clearly the judicial environment applicable to individual cases,difficulty in describing the litigant’s attitude and psychology towards procedural disputes,and difficulty in specifying the typed procedural elements.Judging from the procedural guidance cases that the Supreme People’s Court has issued,they are relatively scarce,insufficient to demonstrate individual litigation scenarios,and insufficiently demonstrate and analyze procedural values.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the description of selected materials in the construction of procedural guidance cases,not only make explicit reference to both positive and negative aspects of the procedural rules used in procedural guidance cases,but also make invisible reference to the procedural spirit used.It also should be done to improve the composition system and writing methods of the guidance cases.From the perspective of the construction and application of procedural guiding cases,this paper aims to enrich the types of guiding cases,improve the functions of the guiding case system,and promote the realization of procedural justice in judicial practice.