我国中老年残疾人的收入保障——基于CHARLS2015的研究

The Income Security of Middle-Aged and Elderly Disabled People in China

研究了残疾人在中老年时期的收入保障问题残疾人与非残疾人的收入差距在50-55岁之间显著扩大,直接原因是残疾人劳动收入过早下降,然而领取养老金的年龄点比非残疾人更晚。残疾人来自政府的补贴收入略高,但其所弥补的差距不足劳动收入下降幅度的10%,远不能弥补缺口。来自非同住和同住家庭成员的经济支持也不能弥补差距。残疾人出现劳动收入下降的一个原因是过早退出劳动力市场,这表明残疾人就业保障政策可能在中年时期的效果更差;不过,即使仍然留在劳动力市场,残疾人劳动收入下降的速度仍然明显快于非残疾人。这意味着,保障残疾人在中老年时期的生活水平不能过分寄希望于就业相关政策,需要合理地增加经济补贴力度。

The paper anpalyzed the income security of the disabled people in the middle and old ages.The study found that the income gap between people with and without disabilities increased significantly between the ages of 50 and 55,directly due to the premature decline in labor income of people with disabilities,but the age point for receiving pensions was later than that of nondisabled people.The subsidized income from the government for the disabled is slightly higher,but the gap it makes up is less than 10%of the decline in labor income,which is far from flling the gap.Economic supports from the family member cannot bridge the gap.The study further found that one reason for the decline in labor income for the disabilities is the premature withdrawal from the labor market,which indicates that employment security policies for the disabilities may be less effective in the middle age.Even if they remain in the labor market,the income of people with disabilities is still falling faster than nondisabled people.This means that guaranteeing the living standards of the disabled in the middle and old age cannot place too much hope on employmentrelated policies,and it is necessary to rationally increase the intensity of economic subsidies.