两个转变时期马克思的社会革命思想及其现代性批判

Marx’s Thought of Social Revolution and Its Modernity Enlightenment in Two Transformation Periods

马克思的社会革命思想最早起源于两个转变时期,它开启了批判资本主义现代性的先河。从起源看,社会革命思想构成了现代性批判理论的渊源。这一思想的产生,一方面是马克思自身思想发展的内在需要,另一方面是对当时社会外在环境的理论回应。从内容看,社会革命思想实现了对资本主义现代性的扬弃,具体包括:严格区分政治革命和社会革命、解释社会革命的本质是实现人的解放、揭示社会变革的主体力量是无产阶级、阐明革命阶级与革命思想之间的辩证关系。归根到底,马克思的社会革命思想中蕴含的现代性批判理念为社会主义现代化建设提供了有益的理论指导。这些思想为当代中国跨越资本主义现代性陷阱,开辟中国特色社会主义现代化道路提供了宝贵的经验。

Marx’s thought of social revolution originated in two periods of transformation,which opened the precedent for criticizing the modernity of capitalism.From the origin point of view,the thought of social revolution constitutes the source of the modernity critical theory.There are two reasons for this thought,one is that the development of Marx’s thought needs it,the other is that this thought is a response to the social reality at that time.In terms of content,the idea of social revolution has realized the sublation of capitalist modernity.These contents include:strictly distinguishing between political revolution and social revolution;explaining the essence of social revolution is to realize human liberation;revealing that the main force of social change is the proletariat;expounding the dialectical relationship between revolutionary class and revolutionary thought.In the final analysis,the concept of modernity in Marx’s ideas of social revolution provides useful theoretical guidance for socialist modernization.These ideas provided valuable experience for contemporary China to overcome the trap of capitalist modernity and open up the path of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics.