水系锌离子电池二氧化锰正极的储能特性及机理研究进展

Research progress in energy storage characteristics and mechanism of manganese dioxide as cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

水系锌离子电池在大型储能等领域具有很高的应用价值和发展前景。目前,水系锌离子电池的正极材料研究主要集中在锰基化合物(如二氧化锰、三氧化二锰、三氧化三锰等)、钒基氧化物以及普鲁士蓝类似物等材料。其中,二氧化锰具有电化学性能优良、储量丰富、价格低廉及安全环保等优势,成为当前最受关注的一类正极材料,近年来得到快速发展。但是,在充放电过程中,二氧化锰晶型多变且伴随其他表面反应,其反应机理复杂且存在一定争议。近两年来,随着研究的不断深入,其电化学反应机理逐渐明晰。围绕二氧化锰的晶体结构特点及其作为水系锌离子电池正极的性能,结合最新研究进展重点讨论了不同晶型二氧化锰的储能机理,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。

Aqueous zinc ion batteries have high application value and development prospects in large-scale energy storage and other fields.At present,research on cathode materials for aqueous zinc ion batteries mainly focuses on manganese-based compounds(such as manganese dioxide,manganese trioxide,trimanganese trioxide),vanadium-based oxides,and Prussian blue analogs.Among them,manganese dioxide has become the most concerned type of cathode material and has been rapidly developed in recent years due to their excellent electrochemical performance,abundant reserves,low price,safety and environmental protection.However,during the charging and discharging process,the crystal form of manganese dioxide is changeable and accompanied by other surface reactions,and its reaction mechanism is complicated and there are certain disputes.In the past two years,with the continuous deepening of research,its electrochemical reaction mechanism has gradually become clear.The crystal structure characteristics of manganese dioxide and the performance as a positive electrode for aqueous zinc ion batteries are reviewed.The energy storage mechanism of different crystal manganese dioxide is discussed.A prospect for its future development is made.