空间机械臂技术综述及展望

Space manipulator technology:Review and prospect

介绍了国外空间机械臂在轨技术验证与工程应用的概况,从任务类型、构型配置、末端执行器与操作方式方面分析了空间机械臂技术的发展趋势。综述了空间机械臂的任务规划、系统控制、路径规划、视觉感知、末端执行器、遥操作控制及地面试验验证7项关键技术。介绍了中国试验七号与天宫二号空间机械臂在轨验证情况,重点介绍了正在研制的中国空间站机械臂基本方案。最后,总结了目前空间机械臂技术存在的问题,并对中国未来空间机械臂技术发展提出了建议。

The overseas space manipulator systems for on-orbit technology verification and engineering applications are reviewed,and the development trend of the space manipulator technology is analyzed from the aspects of task types,robot configurations,end effectors,and operation modes.Seven key technologies of space manipulators are summarized,including task planning,system control,path planning,visual perception,end effectors,teleoperation control,and ground verification.The on-orbit verification experiments of China space manipulators SY-7and TianGong-2are presented.Furthermore,the basic scheme of the Chinese space station manipulator system under development is introduced in detail.Finally,in view of the existing problems of the space manipulator technology,suggestions are put forward for the future development of the space manipulator technology in China.