阳离子型可聚合大分子表面活性剂的制备及其在聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸树脂中的应用

Preparation of cationic polymerizable macromolecular surfactant and its application in polyurethane/polyacrylic resin

分别选择甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯(DM)和甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)为亲水性单体和亲油性单体,合成出一系列阳离子可聚合嵌段大分子表面活性剂(PDM-b-PBMA)并将其应用于水性聚氨酯/丙烯酸酯(WPUA/PDM-b-PBMA)的制备.采用FT-IR、NMR、表面张力、粒径等测试对PDM-b-PBMA进行结构表征和性能测试,考察了亲油亲水的不同比重对PDM-b-PBMA的影响.对WPUA/PDM-b-PBMA进行流变、TEM、TGA、耐水性和力学性能等性能研究和应用测试.结果表明:PDM-b-PBMA有末端双键的存在.随着亲油单体BMA含量增加,分子量从1.8×10^(3)增至3.6×10^(3),PDI从1.26增至1.55,表面张力先减小后增大.PDM_(10)-b-PBMA_(15)的表面张力低至32.12 mN/m,且粒径为86.7 nm.与此同时,WPUA/PDM_(10)-b-PBMA_(15)的乳液稳定性较好,耐水性能最佳,其吸水率和接触角分别为7.3%及99.4°.

A series of cationic polymerizable block macromolecular surfactants(PDM-b-PBMA)were synthesized from dimethyl ethyl methacrylate(DM)as hydrophilic monomer and butyl methacrylate(BMA)as lipophilic monomer.The structure and performance of PDM-b-PBMA were characterized by FT-IR,NMR,surface tension,particle size and so on.Rheological,TEM,TGA,water resistance and mechanical properties of WPUA/PDM-b-PBMA were also researched.The results showed that PDM-b-PBMA has terminal-C=C-bonds.As the content of hydrophobic monomer increased,the molecular weight increased from 1.8×10^(3) to 3.6×10^(3),and the PDI increased from 1.26 to 1.55.The surface tension first decreased and then increased.The surface tension(CMC)of PDM_(10)-b-PBMA_(15) can be as low as 32.12 mN/m,and the particle size is the smallest(86.7 nm).At the same time,the emulsion of WPUA/PDM_(10)-b-PBMA_(15) has better stability,the best water resistance,its water absorption and contact angle are 7.3%and 99.4°respectively.