“指尖负担”的问题表征与“一主多元”型精准治理模式建构

AProblem Representation of the "Fingertip Burden" and the Construction of the "One-Majority-Many-Element" Precise Governance Model

随着智能手机的普及和APP软件开发技术的日趋成熟,APP在功能应用上充分实现了订餐、教育、医疗、娱乐、政务服务等的"一键get"。然而,与用户对APP越发依赖相伴随的是,APP出现了数量过多和手机不堪重负、质量低劣和增加使用者负担、过度索取权限和用户信息泄露等问题。数量快速增长而问题丛生的APP给不少用户带来的良好体验已经迅速退化为实实在在的负担。为了切实减轻APP所带来的"指尖负担",应通过多元主体共同努力和发挥管理方的关键性作用,着力构建起"一主多元"型"指尖负担"精准治理模式,即要加快形成以APP管理方居于主导地位、APP需求方和APP供给方积极协同配合的治理主体架构为治理基础,以精细化地准确界定各方主体的治理职责为治理前提,以最大限度地减轻用户指尖上的负担为治理目的的标准化、可复制、创新型的治理样式。为此,既需要作为核心行动者的管理方在建立多部门协同联动的审批监管机制的前提下,多措并举地加强和改进对各类APP的事前审批备案和事中事后监管,又需要需求方即APP用户增强安全意识和养成良好的使用习惯,还需要供给方真正确立用户思维、理性审视APP开发应用的必要性和形成科学的市场意识。

With the popularization of smart phones and the maturity of APP software development technology,APP has fully realized the"one-click get"of ordering,education,medical treatment,entertainment,and government services in functional applications.However,the increasing reliance of users on APP meanwhile they have encountered many problems such as excessive numbers of APP and overwhelmed mobile phones,poor quality and increased user burden,excessive demand for permissions,and leakage of user information.The fast growing number of APPs has rapidly degraded into a real burden instead of bringing many users a good experience.In order to effectively reduce the"fingertip burden"which caused by the APP,it is necessary to build a"one-majority-many-element"precise governance model through the joint efforts of multiple subjects and the key role of management.To this end,both the demand side and the APP user need to enhance security awareness and develop good habits,on the one hand,the supply side needs to truly establish user thinking,rationally review the necessity of APP development and application,and form a scientific market awareness.On the other hand,the management as the core actor needs to establish a multidepartment coordination and approval supervision mechanism and put forward various measures to improve the preapproval and post-event supervision of various APPs.