神经梅毒的诊疗与研究进展

Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurosyphilis

神经梅毒虽然通常是晚期梅毒的表现,但它可发生在梅毒的任何阶段。神经梅毒临床表现复杂多样,包括无症状神经梅毒、脑脊膜神经梅毒、脑膜血管梅毒、脑实质梅毒、眼梅毒和耳梅毒。虽然神经梅毒已经研究了70多年,但由于梅毒螺旋体至今仍无法长期体外培养,其发病机制仍未阐明。随着分子生物学的发展,神经梅毒的研究取得了新的进展,本文就神经梅毒的流行病学、发病机制、诊断和治疗方面的研究进展做一综述。

Although classically a manifestation of late syphilis,neurosyphilis can occur at any stage of syphilis. The manifestations of neurosyphilis are complex and varied,presenting as asymptomatic neurosyphilis, meningeal neurosyphilis, meningeal vascular syphilis, cerebral parenchymal syphilis, ocular syphilis and auricular syphilis. To date,the pathogenesis of neurosyphilis remains unclear,mostly because that Treponema pallidum is still unable to be cultured in vitro for a long time. With the development of molecular biology,new findings have been made in the field of neurosyphilis. This review discussed the advance in the epidemiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of neurosyphilis.