交通噪音对中缅树鼩行为、学习记忆和氧化应激的影响

Effects of traffic noise on behavior,learning and memory and oxidative stress in Tupaia belangeri

为探讨噪音刺激对中缅树鼩行为、学习记忆和氧化应激的影响,将中缅树鼩在噪音0 dB、40 dB和80 dB条件下持续刺激8 h,连续28 d,测定其体重、摄食量、Y型迷宫正确反应率和行为变化,并测定脑中丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase,AChE)和一氧化氮合酶(Nitric oxide synthase,NOS)浓度,以及SOD、AChE和NOS活性。结果表明:不同噪音对中缅树鼩的体重影响不同,第28天时3组之间体重差异显著,其中80 dB条件下中缅树鼩体重较低。不同噪音对中缅树鼩摄食量的变化趋势和体重变化相似。强噪音会显著降低中缅树鼩的取食行为和活动行为,增加休息行为,但是对修饰行为的影响不显著。第28天时,不同噪音正确反应率差异显著,其中80 dB条件下正确反应率最低。不同噪音对MDA浓度、SOD浓度和AChE浓度影响差异显著,80 dB条件下MDA浓度与SOD浓度较高,AChE浓度较低;不同噪音对NOS浓度、NOS活性、SOD活性和AChE活性影响极显著,80 dB条件下SOD活性较高,NOS浓度、NOS活性与AChE活性较低。以上结果说明强噪音可降低中缅树鼩的体重、摄食量、取食行为和活动行为,增加休息行为,可诱发中缅树鼩的认知障碍。此外,强噪音刺激会导致中缅树鼩脑组织内氧化应激水平增加和出现不同程度的氧化损伤。

In order to investigate the effects of noise stimulation on behavior,learning and memory and oxidative stress in Tupaia belangeri,body mass,food intake,behavioral changes,the ability of learning and memory,and concentrations of Malondialdehyde(MDA),Superoxide dismutase(SOD),Acetylcholinesterase(AChE)concentration,Nitric oxide synthase(NOS),activities of SOD,AChE and NOS in brain under the condition of constant stimulation 8 hours for 0 dB,40 dB and 80 dB noise last for 28 days,respectively.The results showed that different noises had different effects on body mass in T.belangeri.Body mass showed significant differences among three groups on day 28,which was lower in 80 dB group.Variation trend of food intake was similar to that of body mass changes.Higher noise intensity reduced feeding and activity behavior significantly in T.belangeri,and increased rest behavior,but had no significant effect on modification behavior.On day 28,there was a significant difference in the correct response rate among three noise groups;the correct reaction rate was lowest under the condition of 80 dB.The influence of different noises intensity on MDA concentration,SOD concentration and AChE concentration were significant,among which the concentration of MDA and SOD were higher and the concentration of AChE was lower in 80 dB group.Different noises intensity also affected NOS concentration,NOS,SOD and AChE activities significantly,among which SOD activity was higher,while NOS concentration,NOS and AChE activities were lower under the condition of 80 dB.All of the above results suggested that higher noise intensity reduced body mass,food intake,feeding behavior and activity behavior,increased rest behavior,and induced the cognitive impairment in T.belangeri.Moreover,intense noise stimulation increased oxidative stress and different degrees of oxidative damage in brain of T.belangeri.