航空发动机非挥发性颗粒物排放适航标准与审定

Airworthiness Standards and Certification Procedures for Non-volatileParticulate Matter Emissions from Aircraft Engines

现行的烟雾排放标准在过去的几十年中很好地限制了民航的航空发动机尾气排放,但其并没有对颗粒物排放进行直接的限制。国际民航公约附件16第2卷“航空发动机排出物”中第4章对颗粒物制定了排放标准。2016年,颁布了由发烟指数转化而来的非挥发性颗粒物(nvPM)质量浓度标准作为过渡,并在后续研究众多方面因素影响并修正后颁布了起降循环nvPM质量与数量标准。采取使用特征系数计算特征水平的方法表明发动机排放符合监管水平。研究国际民航组织对颗粒物排放的正式标准与符合性审定程序,对我国CCAR-34部的修订与未来自主研发发动机的适航审定工作有着积极意义。

In the past decades,the current smoke number emission standard has well restricted the exhaust emissions of civil aviation aircraft engines,but it does not directly limit the particulate matter emissions.Chapter 4 of Annex 16,Volume 2"aircraft engine emissions"to the Convention on International Civil Aviation,sets emission standards for particulate matter.In 2016,the non-volatile particulate matter mass concentration standard transformed from smoke number was issued as a transition,and the mass and number emission standard of non-volatile particulate matter in landing and take-off cycle was issued after many factors were affected and revised in the followup study.Using the characteristic factor to calculate the characteristic level shows that the engine emission meets the regulatory level.The study of ICAO's formal standards and compliance certification procedures for particulate matter emissions is of positive significance to the revision of CCAR-34 and airworthiness certification of self-developed engines in the future.