马克思、恩格斯农民教育思想探析

Research on Marx and Engels’Theory of Peasantry Education

工业无产阶级在国家人口中是少数派,无产阶级革命要取得胜利,需要联合其同盟军农民。农民是社会中的大多数,他们所处的生产关系决定了他们的狭隘性和保守性,但农民和无产阶级一样受资本剥削,农民所拥有的土地终究会被资本剥夺,无产阶级的历史宿命使他们终将成为潜在的革命者。农民具有双重性的特点决定无产阶级革命要吸引并教育农民。无产阶级政党要切切实实地为农民谋利益,通过教育让农民理解自身的处境和前途,全面提高其包括政治素质在内的各项素质;在历史进程中教育农民,让农民认识到只有无产阶级才能真正代表他们的利益,并坚定地加入无产阶级的革命队伍。

The urban proletariat is a minority of the national population,it is necessary to form an alliance with the peasantry in order to win the proletarian revolution.The peasantry are the majority of the society,the rural relations of production determine their narrowness and conservatism.However,the peasantry are exploited by capital as well as the proletariat,their land ownership will eventually be deprived by capital and they will eventually become the proletariat,which makes them the potential revolutionaries.The duplicity of the peasantry determines that the proletarian revolution should absorb and educate the peasantry.The proletarian party should work for the interests of the peasantry,let the peasantry understand their own future and fate through education,improve the comprehensive quality of the peasantry,educate the peasantry in the historic course,let them realize that only the proletariat can truly represent their interests.