中、美、日防灾减灾法律体系对比研究

A Comparative Study of the Legal Systems of Disaster Prevention and Reduction in China,the United States and Japan

防灾减灾法律法规是防灾减灾体系中的重要组成部分,亦是防灾减灾过程中各项活动的基本依据与保障。目前,虽然我国防灾减灾法律体系已经初步形成,但与发达国家相比还存在许多薄弱环节。以中、美、日三国法律法规为研究对象,收集与整理相关防灾减灾法律法规资料,通过梳理美、日防灾减灾法律法规体系及演变过程,探究美、日两国防灾减灾法律体系的形成机制与优缺点。同时,针对我国防灾减灾法律体系现状,指出了相关研究方向,为进一步与国际救灾体系接轨及完善我国防灾减灾法律法规体系建设提供参考。

Disaster prevention and mitigation laws and regulations are an important part of the disaster prevention and mitigation system,as well as the basic basis and guarantee for various activities in the process of disaster prevention and mitigation.At present,although China's national defense disaster mitigation legal system has been initially formed,there are still many weak links compared with developed countries.Taking the laws and regulations of China,the United States,and Japan as research objects,collecting and collating relevant disaster prevention and mitigation laws and regulations,and by combing the United States,Japan,and Japan's disaster prevention and mitigation laws and regulations and their evolution processes,the United States and Japan's defense and disaster mitigation legal systems Formation mechanism and advantages and disadvantages.At the same time,according to China's current disaster prevention and mitigation legal system,related research questions were raised to provide a reference for further integration with the international disaster relief system and improvement of China's national defense disaster mitigation legal system.