重复投资有利于知识溢出?--对科斯观点的检验和扩展

Duplicative Investment Is Good for Knowledge Spillover?--Test and Extension of Coase Proposition

科斯在《变革中国——市场经济的中国之路》中提出,重复投资虽然导致有形资本的浪费,但它对生产技术在中国的传播以及工人技术的提高起到相当大的作用。为验证该观点,本文基于珠三角私营企业主和个体工商户访谈、2014年中国劳动力动态调查数据、国家统计局数据,进一步梳理与分析重复投资和知识溢出的关系。研究发现:(1)重复投资与知识溢出存在双向互动关系,不同改革阶段,重复投资效用不同,科斯观点部分符合中国经济发展实际;(2)重复投资与知识溢出的相互影响分别受制于不同的因素,且在不同行业存在差异;(3)要跳出低技术水平重复投资陷阱,关键在于提高基础研发能力与加大知识产权保护力度。文章最后扩展讨论了科斯观点对中国创新的启示。

In How China Became Capitalist,Coase et al.propose that although duplicative investment may lead to waste of physical capital,it plays a considerable role in the spread of production technology in China and the improvement of workers’skills.In order to verify the proposition,based on the interviews with private entrepreneurs and self-employed people in the Pearl River Delta,the data of 2014 Labor Force Dynamic Survey,and the data of National Bureau of Statistics,the article analyzes the relationship between duplicative investment and knowledge spillover.The results show that:1)there is a two-way interaction between duplicative investment and knowledge spillover.The effectiveness of duplicative investment varies in different reform stages.Coase's finding is partly in line with China s economic development;2)the interaction between duplicative investment and knowledge spillover is subject to different factors and varies in different industries;3)the key to jumping out of the low-tech level of duplicative investment traps is to improve capabilities of basic research and intellectual property right protection.Finally,the article discusses the enlightenment of Coase's view on Chinese innovation.