劳动力市场年龄歧视治理——构建年龄友好型社会下的审思

Age Discrimination Control in the Labor Market——Consideration in Building Age-friendly Society

年龄歧视是劳动力市场上的不公平现象之一。当前,我国劳动力市场存在用工低龄化的偏好,劳动力市场局部供不应求加重了年龄歧视,年龄歧视与其他类型歧视交叉存在。这种现象与我国劳动力市场供求状况、相关法律制度不够健全有紧密联系,不利于就业市场的公平性,也容易造成人力资源的浪费。目前对这一问题的治理在学理层面尚存较多争议,法律层面也还缺乏足够的经验积累。与此同时,未来劳动力市场供求双方可能发生的急剧变化,无疑会对劳动力市场年龄歧视治理带来新的挑战。治理劳动力市场的年龄歧视,应加快经济发展方式转变和产业结构升级,促进劳动力需求从数量型向质量型转变;顺应老龄化社会发展的需要,加紧社会层面年龄歧视的综合治理,突破传统社会对于老年人的片面、消极认知;加强对我国劳动力市场供求双方关系的研判,健全相关法律政策。

Age discrimination is one of the unfair phenomena in the labor market.At present,the labor market of our country has the preference of younger age.The partial supply of labor market increases the age discrimination,and the age discrimination intersects with other types of discrimination.This phenomenon is closely related to the situation of supply and demand in China’s labor market,and the imperfect legal system,which is not conducive to the fairness of the employment market,but also easy to cause the waste of human resources.At present,the governance of this problem is still controversial at academic level,and there is still a lack of sufficient experience at legal level.At the same time,drastic changes may occur to the supply and demand relationship in the labor market in the future,which will undoubtedly bring new challenges to the management of age discrimination in the labor market.To combat age discrimination in the labor market,we should speed up the transformation of the mode of economic development and the upgrading of the industrial structure,and promote the transformation of labor demand from quantity to quality;adapt to the needs of the development of an aging society,and step up the comprehensive governance of age discrimination at the social level,break through the one-sided and negative cognition to the elderly in the traditional society,strengthen the study and determination of the relationship between supply and demand in China’s labor market,and improve relevant laws and policies.