国外职场性骚扰文献综述研究

Literature Review of Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Abroad

职场性骚扰问题的应对是组织管理的重要议题。国外对职场性骚扰的背景、成因、影响与预防等方面的研究已有不少成果,现有研究认为职场性骚扰的产生与组织的权力、文化、政策表达、机制构建、领导的容忍度以及旁观者的行为等因素有关。职场性骚扰行为会使组织中产生同谋文化,让组织环境变得有害,并对被性骚扰者的心理健康与工作行为等方面带来负面影响。职场性骚扰治理是一项长期工作,现有理论成果已对预防职场性骚扰应具备的机制作出了研究,组织应具备治理职场性骚扰的制度规范并通过培训、响应机制等做好预防和管理,保护职工权益。其中,在建立职场性骚扰干预和反馈机制、完善性骚扰申诉渠道、鼓励被性骚扰者维护自身权益等方面,还需要进一步深化有关研究。

The response to sexual harassment in workplace is an important issue of organizational management.There are a number of achievements made in the studies of background,causes,effects,and prevention of sexual harassment in the workplace at abroad.The existing studies show that the sexual harassment in workplace is related to the power of organization,culture,policy expression,mechanism construction,leadership tolerance,and bystanders’behaviors.Workplace sexual harassment may create a culture of complicity in the organization,make the organizational environment harmful,to produce a negative impact on the mental health and work behavior of the harassed person.Workplace sexual harassment governance is a long-term work.The existing theoretical results are achieved through studies on the mechanisms for preventing sexual harassment in workplace.Organizations should have established systems and regulations on the governance of workplace sexual harassment,and prevent and manage them through training and response mechanisms,to protect the rights and interests of employees.Among them,further indepth studies should be conducted in terms of the establishment of workplace sexual harassment intervention and feedback mechanisms,improvement of workplace sexual harassment complaint channels,and encouragement of victims to protect their rights and interests,etc.