主要城市旅游业碳生产率测度及收敛性研究

Research on Measurement of Tourism Carbon Productivity and Convergence of Major Cities in China

采用“自下而上”评估法对中国主要城市旅游业碳排放量估算的基础上,运用非径向、非角度SBM方向性距离函数和Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数,对2003-2013年旅游业碳生产率时空演变趋势及收敛性进行测度。研究表明:主要城市旅游业碳生产率年均增长16%,其中技术进步是碳生产率增长的主要源泉;东部地区旅游业最佳创新者数量最多,中、西部地区表现不太理想,所考察的城市中南京移动生产可能性边界次数最多;存在显著的收敛、绝对收敛和条件收敛,即地区间和城市间旅游业碳生产率差距正在缩小,并最终将收敛于相同的稳态均衡水平,且有着各自适宜的条件收敛路径。

Based on the estimation of the tourism carbon emissions in China′s major cities through the"bottom-up"method,this paper used the non-radial,non-point SBM directional distance function and Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index to conduct the spatial-temporal change of tourism carbon productivity and the convergence analysis from 2003 to 2013.The research shows that:The average annual growth rate of tourism carbon productivity in major cities is 16%.Technological progress is the main source of carbon productivity growth.The number of best practitioners in East is obviously larger than that of central and western cities,and Nanjing performs best in the mobile production-possibility frontiers.There are significant convergence,absolute convergence and convergence conditions.Convergence means that the carbon productivity gap of tourism industry between regions and cities is narrowing,which will eventually converge to the same steady-state equilibrium level,and it has their own suitable convergence paths.