温敏聚合物在油气开采中的研究进展

Research progress of temperature-sensitive polymer in oil and gas production

温敏聚合物是一种能够根据外界温度变动产生相应化学性质转变或物理结构变化,进而引起自身性能改变的高分子聚合物,已成为近年来新兴材料的重要研究方向之一。新型温敏聚合物已经在各行业开始应用,尤其在油气开采过程中,作为油田助剂因其独特的温敏特性可有效解决油气开采前后所发生工作液高温降黏、油层高温窜流、采后污染等问题。本文综述了温敏聚合物在油气开采中的采前准备、注水开采以及采后污水处理三个方面的研究现状,并从温敏处理剂的性能特点、合成方法等角度进行了分析,对温敏聚合物在今后油气开采中的应用做出展望,同时指出部分温敏聚合物产品仍然存在敏感性不足、临界相转变温度(LCST)调节困难、耐温耐盐能力差等问题,并提出了今后温敏聚合物将向灵敏度高、配伍性广、环保性强等方向发展,以供相关学者进行参考。

The research of temperature sensitive polymer had become one of the important research directions of emerging new materials.It is a kind of material which changes chemical properties or physical structure according to the change of external temperature.And these two changes eventually lead to the change of its own performance.New temperature sensitive materials had been applied in various industries.In oil and gas exploitation,temperature sensitive polymer is used as oilfield additives because of their unique temperature sensitive properties.The problems of viscosity reduction,channeling and pollution during oil and gas exploitation were solved by temperature sensitive polymer.In this paper,the research and application of temperature sensitive polymer in oil and gas production preparation,water injection and sewage treatment were reviewed.And the properties and synthesis methods of the thermosensitive agents were analyzed.The application of temperature sensitive polymer in oil and gas production in the future was prospected.The problems of temperature sensitive polymer had also been pointed out.For example,the sensitivity of temperature sensitive products was insufficient,the adjustment of LCST was difficult,and the ability of temperature and salt tolerance was poor.Thus,the further studies of the temperature sensitive polymer were proposed.