种植密度和施肥量对酒用糯高粱净光合速率·产量及品质的影响

Effects of Planting Density and Fertilization Dosage on Net Photosynthic Rate,Yield and Quality of Glutinous Sorghum for Wine

探究酒用糯高粱品种茅粱糯2号在贵州地区栽培时的最佳种植密度和施肥水平,制定科学合理的肥密互作栽培技术提高其产量及品质,为糯高粱田间栽培提供参考依据。采用二因素随机区组试验,以酒用糯高粱优质品种茅粱糯2号为试验材料,通过设置不同种植密度及施肥水平,探究种植密度和施肥水平互作对糯高粱茅粱糯2号的产量及品质的影响。结果表明,种植密度和施肥水平对茅粱糯2号的净光合速率、农艺性状、产量及品质均有显著影响。种植密度与施肥量的交互作用表明,32.4万株/hm^(2)+基肥340.61 kg/hm^(2)+追肥176.63 kg/hm^(2)(A3B2)处理的产量最高(6371.84 kg/hm^(2));24.7万株/hm^(2)+基肥340.61 kg/hm^(2)+追肥176.63 kg/hm^(2)(A2B2)处理下的品质最高,茅粱糯2号的单宁含量最高(2.32%);其直链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量和总淀粉含量均达最高(分别为17.32%、58.67%、75.99%)。相关性分析结果表明,产量与穗粒数、穗数、穗重、千粒重、总淀粉含量、支链淀粉呈显著正相关;与单宁含量呈负相关。种植密度和施肥量显著影响茅粱糯2号的产量及品质。针对贵州地区糯高粱的产量和品质,茅粱糯2号品种的种植密度和施肥量互作以A3B2和A2B2为宜。

To explore the optimal planting density and fertilizer levels of waxy sorghum varieties Maoliangnuo 2 in Guizhou region,to formulate a scientific and reasonable fertilizer density interaction cultivation technique to improve the yield and quality,we adopted two-factor randomized block experiment.With Maoliangnuo 2 as experimental material,different planting densities and fertilizer levels were designed to explore the effects of the interaction of planting density and fertilizer levels on the yield and quality of Maoliangnuo 2.Results showed that planting density and fertilizer levels on Maoliangnuo 2 had significant effects on net photosynthetic rate,agronomic traits,yield and quality.The interaction of the planting density and fertilizer levels showed that A3B2 treatment had the highest yield(6371.84 kg/hm^(2)),and A2B2 treatment had the optimal quality.Maoliangnuo 2 had the highest tannin content(2.32%),the amylose,amylopectin and total starch contents reached the highest values of 17.31%,58.67%and 75.99%.Correlation analysis results showed that grain showed significantly positive correlation with grains per spike,ear weight,1000-grain weight,total starch content and amylopectin content,but had negatively correlation with tannin content.The yield and quality of Maoliangnuo 2 were significantly affected by planting density and fertilizer amount.According to the yield and quality of waxy sorghum in Guizhou Area,treatments A3B2 and A2B2 were the optimal planting density and fertilization level.