高速弧齿圆柱齿轮风阻功率损失研究

Research on Windage Power Loss of High-speed Arc Tooth Cylindrical Gear

齿轮高速运行时,风阻功率损失是导致传动效率低的主要因素之一。基于计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)技术建立了弧齿圆柱齿轮周围空气流域模型并进行数字孪生,得出弧齿圆柱齿轮周围空气流域内的速度矢量图及风阻损失功率。结果表明,弧齿圆柱齿轮周围设置挡板可有效减小风阻功率的损失,轴向挡板间距越小,弧齿圆柱齿轮的风阻功率损失越小。轴向挡板间隙为2 mm时的风阻功率损失相比于轴向挡板间隙为10 mm时的风阻功率损失减小27.80%。而对于径向挡板来说,并不是间隙越小弧齿圆柱齿轮的风阻功率损失越小。不同齿形的齿轮在相同条件下风阻功率损失不同,同等条件下对比发现,压力角为25°的直齿轮相比于标准斜齿轮的风阻功率损失减小了23.84%。

For gears running at high speeds,windage power loss is one of the main factors for low trans⁃mission efficiency.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)technology is used to establish the air flow field model around the arc tooth cylindrical gear.The digital twin simulation calculation is performed to obtain the velocity vector diagram and windage loss power of the air flow around the arc tooth cylindrical gear.The results show that the baffle around the arc tooth cylindrical gear can effectively reduce windage power loss,the smaller the axial baffle spacing,the smaller the windage power loss of the arc tooth cylindrical gear.When the axial baffle gap is 2 mm,the windage power loss is reduced by 27.80%compared with the axial baffle gap of 10 mm.But for the ra⁃dial baffle,it is not that the smaller the gap,the smaller the windage power loss of the arc tooth cylindrical gear.Different types of tooth shapes have different windage power losses under the same conditions.Under the same conditions,it is found that the spur gear with a pressure angle of 25°reduces the windage power loss by 23.84%compared with the standard helical gear.