轨道不平顺影响下高速列车齿轮传动系统的振动特性分析

Vibration Characteristic Analysis of High-speed Train Gear Transmission System Under Track Irregularity

为了分析高速列车齿轮传动系统在轨道不平顺激励影响下的振动特性变化规律,利用动力学软件SIMPACK建立包含齿轮传动系统的整车动力学模型,分别在大、小齿轮内部布置测点,进行无轨道不平顺和有轨道不平顺工况下的动力学仿真实验,获得高速列车时速250 km/h时大、小齿轮的振动加速度。对大、小齿轮横向、纵向和垂向振动加速度幅值进行频域分析,并对比分析了齿轮传动系统在有、无轨道不平顺工况的振动幅值、频谱分布。结果表明,由于轨道不平顺激励的影响,高速列车齿轮传动系统的横向、纵向和垂向振动加强,振动加速度均增幅明显,其中,垂向振动加速度变化幅值最大。齿轮传动系统的振动频率主要集中在0~400 Hz,小齿轮和大齿轮横向振动受轨道不平顺的影响规律一致,但小齿轮受到纵向振动的影响略小于大齿轮,小齿轮受到垂向振动的影响略大于大齿轮。

In order to analyze the vibration characteristics of high-speed train gear transmission system under the influence of track irregular excitation,the dynamics software SIMPACK is used to establish a vehicle dynamic model including the gear transmission system,and the measurement points are arranged inside the large and small gears respectively.Dynamics simulation experiments under no track irregularities and conditions with track irregularities can obtain the vibration acceleration of large and small gears at a speed of 250 km/h for high-speed trains.The horizontal,vertical and vertical vibration acceleration amplitudes of the large and small gears are analyzed in frequency domain,and then the vibration amplitude and frequency spectrum distribution of the gear transmission system in the presence and absence of track irregularities are compared and analyzed.The results show that due to the influence of track irregular excitation,the lateral,longitudinal and vertical vi⁃brations of the high-speed train gear transmission system are strengthened,and the vibration acceleration in⁃creases significantly,among which the vertical vibration acceleration has the largest amplitude change.The vi⁃bration frequency of the gear transmission system is mainly concentrated in 0~400 Hz.The lateral vibration of the pinion and the large gear is affected by the track irregularity,but the longitudinal vibration of the pinion is slightly smaller than that of the large gear,and the vertical vibration of the pinion is slightly larger than that of the large gear.